Essay on "Exploitable Weakness in Terrorist Organizations"
Essay 4 pages (1307 words) Sources: 4
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Terrorist OrganizationsExploitable Weakness in Terrorist Organizations
Terrorism and Counter Terrorism mirroring Criminology and Criminal Justice
In simple words, terrorism is a systematically organized act of violence that affects people, government, and the country overall while counter terrorism refers to tactics, strategies, or attacks carried out by the authoritative forces to counter terrorism. Criminology on the other hand is the subject that studies how crime is carried out. Terrorism is one of the topics within criminology, study of which enables people to attain a better understanding of how terrorism is carried out and why. Criminal Justice is a field of study that scrutinizes the policies, tactics and strategies carried out by law, to counter crime or in other words terrorism (Cohn, Farrington, & Wright, 1998).
Normalization of Counter Terror Practices- a Matter of Concern
Normalization of counter terror practices basically refers to standardization of counter practices for terrorism. While in some cases, standardization appears to be beneficial, in this case it becomes a matter of concern. Terrorism is not just one systematic act, it comprises of different systematic acts of violence where each act is completely different from the other. Also the impact of the terrorism act will also be different depending upon the factors how, where and why the attack was carried out. Thus normalizing the counter terror practices will give a limited and ineffective control over terrorism as the same practices will be carried out for different acts of terrorism (Bolz, Dudonis, & Schulz, 2001).
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First Principle, Interest, and Passion Rationalities -- Approaches and Decisions
First principle approach towards rationality requires gathering evidence or proof before jumping to a conclusion. Interest approach to rationality refers to rationalization on the basis of collective interest of a nation while Passion approach to rationality refers to rationalizing on the basis of passion. In light of terrorism, counter terrorism, criminology, and criminal justice, the decision taken by law to punish the terrorists are taken through first principle approach of rationality while decisions taken by terrorists to carry out a terrorist act is based on passion approach of rationality while conciliations and mutual understanding between the authorities and violent groups are clear examples of decisions taken through interest approach of rationality.
2001 Patriot Act
While there are many controversial views about this act, it would not be wrong to state that it had a positive impact on prosecutorial and intelligence purposes of the FISA court. The purposes were altered by increasing the degree of severity of each purpose. Criminal information was quickly attainable due to severe intelligence standards and robust information was available as a linkage between the intelligence officials and the prosecutors. The most significant impacts are both positive and negative. The positive impacts are the volumes of application filed in the FISA court since the act's implementation has dramatically increased and therefore terrorism is more controlled. The negative impact is lack of individual privacy which was the main reason of controversial views (FBI, 2012).
While there is no doubt that lack of individual privacy increased after the implementation of the Act, the fact that the rate of terrorism has been largely controlled also remains its stance. It has been argued that during the times that terrorism needs to be controlled, the Act should be given more importance despite the rising lack of individual privacy however during the times that terrorism has been controlled, individual privacy should be given more importance.
NORTHCOM -- Comparative Views
NORTHCOM, an implication of the 2001 Patriot Act, is a unified combatant command of the U.S. military that provides military support to the civil authorities of U.S.. It is important to know that NORTHCOM has been a target of both positive and negative reactions. For instance, the U.S. war college is supportive of NORTHCOM as it believes to have enhanced the capabilities of the civil authorities while the Center for Defense gathering Information disagrees and believes that NORTHCOM… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Exploitable Weakness in Terrorist Organizations" Assignment:
Below are 8 essay questions that need to be answered. Each essay question should be 6 to 8 sentences long.
Discuss how the distinction between terrorism and counter-terrorism mirrors the distinction between criminology and criminal justice.
After fully explaining what is meant by *****normalization***** of counter-terror practices, discuss why it is a matter for concern.
Compare and contrast *****first principle***** rationalities and *****interests and passions***** rationality. Give an example of a culture based on each of these, and discuss the results of each approach to decision making.
Explain how the 2001 PATRIOT Act altered the prosecutorial and intelligence purposes of the FISA court. Discuss what you believe to be the most significant impact of these changes relative to counter-terrorism efforts.
Compare the views of the U.S. War College and the Center for Defense Information regarding the role of NORTHCOM. Discuss the contrasts between the two views.
The Alien Absconder Apprehension Initiative was intended to create an intelligence opportunity through interrogation of Middle-Easterners arrested. Was this goal achieved? Discuss the results of the Initiative.
Fully explain what conditions might constitute a point of failure (POF). Discuss specific examples of what law enforcement and other agencies of the Department of Homeland Security need to learn before a POF occurs.
Explain why members of the Taliban are covered by the Geneva Convention while members of al Qaeda are not. Include the four criteria set out by the Convention to define irregular militias.
How to Reference "Exploitable Weakness in Terrorist Organizations" Essay in a Bibliography
“Exploitable Weakness in Terrorist Organizations.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2012, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/terrorist-organizations-exploitable/6364848. Accessed 5 Oct 2024.
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