Research Paper on "Tele Nursing"

Research Paper 5 pages (1655 words) Sources: 7

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Tele-Nursing

Annotated Bibliography

Abbot, P. And Coenen, a. (2008). Globalization and advances in information and communication technologies: The impact on nursing and health, Nursing

Outlook, 56(5), 238-246.

Both authors are RNs and hold Ph.D.'s and give their input on how advances in technology have made the nursing field more global and has increased and improved communications. They describe telenursing as a way for nurses to use technology to deliver nursing care. They discuss telenursing and how it has become extremely useful in different countries other than the United States. Although telenursing is beneficial in the United States, the authors say that it has made great strides in developing countries that are severely underserved. The telenursing services are used primarily for chronic conditions and nothing that is serious. Abbot and Coenen state that in the United States and other developed countries, the telenursing work environment may look high tech with or resemble a call center. They say this is not the case in developing countries and that in some African countries, nurses make uses of their cell phones through calling and texting to deliver the service.

Benhuri, G. (2010). Teaching community telenursing with simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 6(4), e161-e163.

This article discusses how to train nurses via simulation on telenursing techniques. Because telenursing is constantly growing, Benhuri says that it is important for new nurses as well as seasoned nurses to learn this skill. She says that many nurses take a while to catch on to the telenursing concepts because they expect to work in a hospital like setting or already work in this type of setting and have done so for years. The name 'telenursing' implies that all care between the nurse and the patient is done via the telephone, but this is not always the case. Telenursing can involve video conferencing, video discussing, digital cameras and other forms of technology. These methods allow the nurse to maintain the relationship with the patient as well as reduce some costs for the patient. Due to the fact that most of the care is done using technology, there is often no need for the patient to physically come in to see the nurse or physician.

Telenursing is encouraged in areas where there is an extreme shortage of nurses. This is one of the many reasons Benhuri states that training in this area is crucial. In order to train nurses in this area, Benhuri suggest using a room that looks similar to an apartment room so that the nurses will get a feel for the type of environment they may be working in when they actually have to do a follow up visit in the patient's home.

Hardin, S. And Langford, D. (2001). Telehealth's impact on nursing and the development of the interstate compact. Journal of Professional Nursing,

17(5), 243-247.

The authors discuss regulatory issues in nursing as it pertains to nurses providing care from state to state. This is an important issue in telenursing since each state may require different licensing requirements which could mean that a nurse from another state with different licensing could be seen as not qualified. To overcome these issues, Hardin and Langford say it is best for the nurse to try to coordinate the patient's healthcare with a provider residing within the state. With telenursing, the authors state that there seem to be greater concern over patient confidentiality. but, they state that licensing regulations should no longer be of concern in the coming years because patients who are members of a health care plan can get referral information or advice from a provider in a different state as long as it is a part of their healthcare network. Also, given that the internet has gained much popularity over the years because of the vast amount of information that can be found on it, the issue of licensing across states will eventually become a non-issue since advice is given on the internet from individuals from all over the country.

Rahimpour, M., Lovell, N., Celler, B. And McCormick, J. (2008). Patients'

perception of a home telecare system. International Journal of Medical

Informatics, 77(7), 486-498.

The authors did a study of patients diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in order to gauge their perception of health care services via telenursing. None of the participants in the study had any experience with telenursing or telehealth. The participants were shown a video of the various aspects of telehealth as well as how it actually works. They were also given a demonstration of the process and then asked a series of questions regarding the process.

Overall, the majority of the patients were in favor of using the telehealth system. Some of the major concerns were costs and how to actually use the system. Once they were informed that the cost would be lowered because the need for hospital admissions and office visits would be reduced and that they would be provided training on how to use the system, their anxiety subsided.

Schlachta-Fairchild, L. (2001). Telehealth: A new venue for healthcare delivery.

Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 17(1), 34-40.

Schlachta-Fairchild says that telenursing has been around for more than twenty-five years. She says that it has grown tremendously since then and has been perfected throughout the years. The nurses work in home healthcare centers, hospices, managed care companies, the military and other medical facilities. She says that patients in urban and rural areas make use of the telenursing technology. The costs of telenursing is reduced because the nurse does not have any drive time to visit the patient's home and Schlachta-Fairchild says that many nurses say they have become more productive and efficient by using telenursing. She makes not of the fact that telenursing is not just the addition of a new device, but that it is a fundamental change in health care delivery.

Although telenursing is a fundamental change in the way healthcare is delivered, Schlachta-Fairchild says the there are still pressing issues such as standards of practice, licensure, malpractice and reimbursement. While Medicare reimburses for many of the services the patients receive via telenursing, many other insurances still question the validity of these services.

Schlachta-Fairchild, L., Varghese, S., Deickman, a. And Castelli, D. (2010).

Telehealth and Telnursing are live: APN policy and practice implications.

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 6(2), 98-106.

The authors make a point to note that this journal article is not about promoting telenursing since the field is constantly growing. What they are interested in are the policies that govern the nursing profession in general and making sure that the Advance Practice Nurse (APN) understands these policies to help them with the future of telenursing. They state that over twenty-seven percent of Advance Practice Nurses uses telenursing on a regular basis. Although the majority of APNs work in a hospital setting, many work in other settings and make up a large percentage of APNs outside of the hospital setting using telenursing.

They state that telenursing has the potential to have a major impact on the nursing shortage. Patients whose conditions are not critical can make the most use of this service and forego or cut back drastically on office visits. Some APNs worry that the human touch of nursing is lost through the telenursing process and try to come up with ways to add back the personal touch. Overall, the majority of APNs are in favor of this method of health care delivery.

McGinley, a. And Lucas, B. (2006). Telenursing: A pilot of telephone review after intra-articular knee injection. Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing, 10(3), 144-150.

McGinley and Lucas did a study of thirty patients who had undergone intra-articular knee injection for patient's knee osteoarthritis and received their follow up care via telenursing. This study was actually a pilot program to determine how effective… READ MORE

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