Term Paper on "Teaching Reading"

Term Paper 4 pages (1084 words) Sources: 3 Style: APA

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Teaching: Lesson Plans

Teaching Methods in Education: Teaching Reading Fluency

The objective of this work is to design a plan to integrate fluency teaching strategies by (1) identifying a minimum of five fluency building strategies; (2) provide an explanation and rationale for each strategy; (3) describe how three reading fluency activities will be included in the Dr. Seuss unit; and (4) include a rationale for each activity (strategy).

Activities for early literacy programs include the activities as follows:

Listening to stories, poems and expository text;

Telling and retelling stories and nursery rhymes;

Singing and chanting (including the alphabet song)

Discussing word meanings, ideas, books and experiences;

Making predictions about words and stories (Building A Powerful Reading Program: From Research to Practice, 2003)

Activities that can be used in schools that teach children "concepts about print and foster a love of reading" include reading to children daily, using books with predictable patterns, repetition and rhyme and is inclusive of the following:

Labeling children's cubbies and work areas;

Listing birthdays, chores, and daily activities;

Teaching page arrangement, directionality and story structure through repeated readings and repetitive texts (big books are especially useful for these purposes)

Noting words that begin or end with the same sound, words with the same pattern, and punctuation cues;

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Sharing wonderful stories and informational literature;

Creating and posting student-generated stories (Building A Powerful Reading Program: From Research to Practice, nd)

Phonemic awareness can be fostered by teaching children a general awareness of: (1) rhyming; (2) blending; (3) segmentation; (4) initial sound; (5) final sound; and (6) medial sound. Findings of the National Institute for Literacy published in the work entitled: "Put Reading First: The Research Building Blocks for Teaching Children to Read" states five critical areas of reading instruction which are those of: (1) phonemic awareness; (2) phonics; (3) fluency; (4) vocabulary; and (5) test comprehension. (National Institute for Literacy, 2003) The National Institute for Literacy publication states that: "Phonemic awareness is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in spoken words. Before children learn to read print, they need to become aware of how the sounds in words work." (National Institute for Literacy, 2003) Further related is that: "Phonemes are the smallest parts of sound in a spoken word that makes a difference in the word's meaning." (National Institute for Literacy, 2003) The example given is the difference in the phoneme in the word hat when 'h' changes to 'p' and the word changes to pat.

The National Institute of Literacy states that: "Phonics instruction teaches children the relationships between the letters of written language and the individual sounds of spoken language. It teaches these children to use these relationships to read and write words. Teachers of reading and publishers of programs of beginning reading instruction sometimes use different labels to describe these relationships, including the following: (1) graphophonemic relationships; (2) letter-sound associations; (3) letter-sound correspondences; (4) sound-symbol correspondences; and (5) sound-spellings." (nd) The example given is the difference in the way that phone is spelled where the 'ph' sounds like 'f'. Fluency, according to the National Institute of Literacy is: "the ability to read a text accurately and quickly. When fluent readers read silently, they recognize words automatically. They group words quickly to… READ MORE

Quoted Instructions for "Teaching Reading" Assignment:

ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

BACKGROUND INFORMATION:

Reading fluency is the "freedom from word identification problems that might hinder comprehension in silent reading or the expression of ideas in oral reading." (Harris & Hodges 1995, p.85). Worth & Broadus, (2001), go on to further define Fluency as "equated with phrasing, smoothness, and expressiveness as well as rate, accuracy, and automaticity." Current research suggests that reading fluency, in both oral and silent reading, has a high correlation to comprehension.

TASK INSTRUCTIONS:

In this task you will design a plan to integrate fluency teaching strategies into a given unit overview. Read the following unit and then complete Parts A and B1 & B2.

Part A: Identify a minimum of five fluency building strategies and provide an explanation and rationale for each strategy. (suggested length: two pages)

Parts B1 & B2: B1.Describe how you will include at least three reading fluency activities (strategies) in the following Dr. Seuss unit. B2. Include a rationale for each activity (strategy). (suggested length: two pages)

Weekly Outline for DR. SEUSS WEEK

Brenda Beaty, 1999

Second Grade

Day 1. Teacher will initiate a discussion of Dr. Seuss. As a class, complete a KWLW chart on what the students know about Dr. Seuss. Continue discussion by asking the students which Dr. Seuss books they are familiar with. Teacher will take a straw poll of the students' favorite books. The teacher will then read one of the Dr. Seuss books included at the site: http://www.randomhouse.com/seussville. For seat work/computer time that day, students will work in pairs (higher ability readers with lower ability readers) to complete the learning activity from the site that corresponds with the chosen book. The teacher will have the computer opened to the internet site http://www.randomhouse.com/seussville.

Day 2. Entire class will continue work on the KWLW chart by filling in what they learn from the web site. Students will be invited to add to this chart as they gather information during the week. Teacher will then read another Dr. Seuss book and have the students complete the corresponding learning activity on the web page.

Day 3. For entire-class work for this day, teacher will direct a discussion of the story elements. The computer work for the day will be playing the corresponding learning activity on the site. (These learning activities are short so the entire class can be rotated through in one day if they work in pairs or possibly triads.)

Day 4. Venn diagrams will be used in class work today. Teacher will use them to model how to compare and contrast two of the previously read books. The teacher will determine which two items will be compared/contrasted. A more complicated Venn diagram of three items could be added if teacher feels that the class is capable of this level. The teacher will then read a fourth Dr. Seuss book. This day will be used as a catch up day for any students that have not completed their work on the web site.

Day 5. Teacher will read a final Dr. Seuss book of the teacher's choosing. After the reading of this book, the students will vote on their favorite Dr. Seuss book. This information will then be graphed during math class. After the vote, the teacher and class will e-mail another second grade class (the teacher will have previously arranged this with a second grade teacher in another building) to report the results of their vote. The other class will then respond with their vote. This information will be used to write word problems for math. (ex. Class 1 had 9 students that voted for Green Eggs and Ham. Class 2 had 5 students that voted for it. How many more students in class 1 voted for Green Eggs and Ham than in class 2?) For the computer/seat work time on this day, the students will return to the Seussville webpage to participate in a final learning activity.

Note: When using outside sources to support ideas and elements in a paper, the submission MUST include APA formatted in-text citations with a corresponding reference list for any direct quotes or paraphrasing. It is not necessary to list sources that were consulted if they have not been quoted or paraphrased in the text of the paper. Note: No more than a combined total of 30% of a submission can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from outside sources, even if cited correctly.

How to Reference "Teaching Reading" Term Paper in a Bibliography

Teaching Reading.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2006, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/teaching-lesson-plans-methods/6224. Accessed 28 Sep 2024.

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1. Teaching Reading. A1-TermPaper.com. https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/teaching-lesson-plans-methods/6224. Published 2006. Accessed September 28, 2024.

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