Term Paper on "Second World War Left"

Term Paper 3 pages (1037 words) Sources: 2 Style: MLA

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Second World War left the world in a complete state of disarray. Most countries around the world had suffered enormous damages, both in terms of human and economic loss. The only actual victorious actor on the international scene was the United States which came out stronger than ever before. There are various explanations for this fact, most of them connected to the American war industry that was created during the conflagration and, most importantly, to the geopolitical and geostrategic position of the country in relation to the main adversaries of the war. From this perspective, the U.S. was the only country able to support a reconstruction plan for Europe and to stand up to the Soviet challenge facing the world after the end of the war. The Marshall Plan and the Truman Doctrine were the main tools used by the American side to achieve these two goals. However, in order to actually grasp the importance of these two initiatives for Europe and the world, it is interesting to consider an alternative history, one which did not include the reconstruction plan and the presidential doctrine.

The Truman Doctrine was one of the first political messages that came from the United States after the end of the war. It represented a set of principles which pointed out the necessity of action for the reconstruction of Europe, as well as a political approach to the issue of the U.S.S.R. And its strive for dominance in Europe and the world. In this sense, President Truman presented in front of the Congress in March 1947 the situation concerning Greece and Turkey (the Avalon Project, 2008). He pointed out the need of both Greece and Turkey to receive financial and political support from Western countries. The basic
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s of the doctrine was formulated by Truman who concluded that "I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures" (the Avalon Project, 2008).

The most important element of the doctrine pointed out the fact that the U.S.S.R.'s force must be contained and opposed in any situation in which it tends to exercise its power over the sovereign nations of Europe. It was an important step in the history of the post war period because it showed the commitment of western nations to limit the sphere of influence of the communist power. Any other solution or course of action would have determined a situation similar to the one in Eastern Europe.

If the Truman Doctrine did not exist, Greece and Turkey would have been subject to soviet influence. In the beginning, the doctrine also referred to other regions as well. However, taking into account the fact that the Soviet army was considered to be the savior of Eastern Europe from the Nazi force, the Red Army was considered to have legitimacy in these countries. Form this point-of-view, Stalin denied eastern countries to receive support, both financial and political one from the West. He considered it to be an attempt to extend capitalist influence over the countries he… READ MORE

Quoted Instructions for "Second World War Left" Assignment:

What do you think Europe would have looked like ten years after the end of World War II if the United States had not passed and implemented the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan?

What direct impact on European programs and policies did those two foreign policies have (Truman and the Marshall Plan)? Please be specific. What would have happened without these plans? Explain WHY in your analysis.

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