Essay on "Role Z-Dna Binding Vaccinia Virus"

Essay 2 pages (642 words) Sources: 1

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Incranial injection into mice was used to test the construct for the purpose of assaying pathogenicity with an exchange of 67 amino acids from Zol DLM1. 12 residues are reported to have remained the same and this includes the residues that bind to Z-DNA. The Zol DLM1-D3Lc chimera was found to be completely pathogenic resulting in only a few essential residues with the domain of the N-terminal of E3L being enough for biological activity when measuring for lethality. In mutations that result in the weakening of Z-DNA, binding it was demonstrated that this results in a loss of pathogenicity and virus virulence, which ultimately results in functional loss. Vaccinia E3L is reported to have been "implicated in at least four possible roles which are key for viral pathogenesis: (1) Z-DNA binding; (2) nuclear localization; (3) IFN-blocking activities; and (4) higher-order oligomerization. (Kim, et al., 2003)

There are two places in which the E3L molecule operates: (1) in the cell cytoplasm to block the IFN system; and (2) in the cell nucleus although its activities in this area are relatively unknown. (Kim, et al., 2003, paraphrased) However, the fact that E3L consists of two domains: (1) a Z-DNA-binding domain at the N. terminus; and (2) a double-stranded RNA-binding domain at the C. terminus, presents clues to the nucleus activity of the E3L. Each of these domains are known to bind with conformational specificity they do not however bind with sequence specificity which indicates that E3L is active at multiple sites. When the sequence of the E3L molecule of variola is compared with the sequence of vaccinia findings reveal that the molecules are practically identical therefore results demonstrate that a small molecule binding to variola E3L may result in preventing its pathology and makes it effective in treating smallpox. (Kim, et al., 2003)

References

Kim, YG, et al. (2003) A Role for… READ MORE

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