Thesis on "Project Management According to Different Theoreticians"

Thesis 4 pages (1107 words) Sources: 5 Style: Harvard

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Project Management

According to different theoreticians, within any organization, the projects evolve determined to several constraints. The constraints generally include the group of people working on the respective project (only a limited amount of human resource can be allocated for a certain project, given the fact that others will be working on other projects in the company), the time allocated for the project (no project can go on indefinitely and the project will need to be delivered to the client at some point, hence the temporal constraints) and money (projects generally have budgetary constraints).

This brief description of the constraints that often appear in the lifetime of a project emphasizes the importance of project management. Indeed, project management has everything to do with the inclusion of the four functions of management into the completion of a project. Planning, organizing, directing and controlling are the essential phases in project management that determine whether the project will be completed on time and on budget. Let's have a look at how each of these functions of management plays a role in project management, each showing in part why project management is important.

First of all, the planning function of management will help determine, within the project management process, the elaborate division of the different project phases throughout the lifetime of the project. In other words, the planning function will help tackle the human resources, temporal and budgetary constraints by determining the way that the different phases of the project will be split within the timeframe of the project, how the budget and people will be allocated over the same period of time, all to determine the delivery on time and on budget of the project. Additionally, at any point in the future, the initial planning can be used as reference to the state of the project at that particular time.

In the software industry, the planning phase of project management is just as important. Upon receiving the specifications from the client, the programming team decides on the way that the modules will be developed, but, just as important, the way that each member of the team will work on the different parts of the final application. A tool such as Microsoft Project will help create a visual image of the different parts of the application, the way one part determines the beginning of development on another, how many resources are needed at each stage of the project development phase etc. This is all project planning, essential in determining in the end that the software application can be delivered according to the assumed constraints.

The organizing part is probably the vastest of all the functions of management previously mentioned. It includes different parts of the other functions of management as well, such as resource allocation. As previously shown, resource allocation is important because it ensures the project does not go over the fixed thresholds of time and money. Organizing is equivalent to making sure that these resources are best split between the different parts of the project. However, it is even more than that: it provides the capacity to be able to react if changes occur during the project development and to make the right reallocation decision that will not compromise the project.

In software project management, organizing is often an activity that occurs not only during… READ MORE

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