Research Proposal on "Price-Reduction of Long Haul Fixed-Line Telecommunication Service"

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Price-Reduction of Long Haul Fixed-Line Telecommunication Service and Infrastructure in the Middle East

The expansion of telecommunications via fixed-line networks depicts a significant contemporary, credible concern, not only in the Middle East, but also in other parts of the world as interactions with the Middle East regularly occur in and outside its borders. During the thesis, the researcher argued that enhanced negotiations, deeper cultural understanding, and infrastructure expansion could contribute to reducing prices for fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East/Southwest Asia (UAE, Bahrain, Iraq, and Afghanistan).

In the mixed-method case study, the researcher explored fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East; using various data collection procedures over a sustained period of time to collect detailed information. For the quantitative aspect of the study, the researcher conducted a survey, administered to ***; to generalize from the retrieved sample to a population. The researcher uses the sequential procedure; associated with the qualitative approach. In this strategy, the researcher began with a qualitative method and followed up with a quantitative method.

Findings from the study regarding the qualitative method the researcher implemented generally confirm the researcher's premise to be true. The survey which depicts the quantitative method the researcher utilized, however, did not confirm the researcher's premise as specific information could not be proven to be true or false for all. Rather, based on location, individuals from some Middle East nations indicated tha

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t progress in reducing costs relating to fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements to be better than others. The country's exposure to more technology as well as the time the country obtained telecommunications knowledge and availability proved to be significant contributing factors to cost reduction results.

TABLE of CONTENTS

iiABSTRACT

iTABLE of CONTENTS

ii vLIST of FIGURES

i

1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Fixed-Line Telecommunication Service

1

Significance of the Study..

Research Question

2

Organization of the Study

2

5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

A Thematic review

5

Fixed-Line Telecommunication

5

Fixed-Line Long-Haul Telecommunications

8

Procurements in the Middle East/Southwestern Asia

9

Enhanced Negotiations

Deeper Cultural Understanding

Infrastructure Exppansion.

Government Considerations

UAE, "Most Wired" Middle Eastern Country

19

CHAPTER 3: Methodology

21

Research Design and Metodology

CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS

24

Analysis Considerations.

24

Negotiations and Cultural Differences .

27

Expanding Infrastructure

29

Survey Findings

29

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION

31

Premise Determinatin

31

Discussion

31

Conclusion

32

Recommendation

33

Disclaimers

34

REFERENCES

35

APPENDICES

Appendix a

Appendix B

LIST of FIGURES

Decade of ICT Growth

25

Fixed Telephone Lines per 100 Inhabitants

25

Fixed Telephone Line Penetration by Region

26

Table 1: World Internet Usage & Population

25

Table 1: Items in the Value Chain

26

Table 3: Estimates of UAE Fixed-telephone Lines

27

CHAPTER 1:

INTRODUCTION

"What happens in one part of the globe will affect other parts of the globalized world"

- Paul S. Oh (2009, ¶ 9).

Fixed-Line Telecommunication Service

In May 1845, the electric telegraph, the newest revolutionary technology at that time threatened to a dramatically disrupt America's newspaper industry. One editor warned: "This 'great revolution' will mean that some publications 'must submit to destiny, and go out of existence'" ("How a new communications technology…," 2009, ¶ 1). The telegraph, similar to fixed-line telephones, required a network of wires spread across the regions it would service. In rural or suburban areas, particularly in areas like the Middle East, telecommunications companies have continued to report a marked growth in fixed-line telecommunication service (Searcey, 2007). During the mixed-method thesis, the researcher argues that enhanced negotiations, deeper cultural understanding, and infrastructure expansion may contribute to reducing prices for fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East/Southwest Asia (UAE, Bahrain, Iraq, and Afghanistan).

Significance of the Study

The expansion of telecommunications via fixed-line networks depicts a significant contemporary, credible concern, not only in the Middle East, but also in other parts of the world as interactions with the Middle East regularly occur in and outside its borders. Poor telecommunications service constitutes a significant obstacle to the growth and operations of SMEs in many areas of the Middle East and Southeast Asia. In 2006, many Middle Eastern businesses typically had to wait an average of 132 days for a telephone connection. Businesses in this area also experienced five times more telephone service interruptions then firms in other more developed countries. In the book, 2006 Information and communications for development: global trends and policies, the authors, members of the World Bank. Global Information and communication technologies department, reported that

Research Question

In the quest to confirm the premise for this study, the researcher constructed the research question: How may enhanced negotiations, deeper cultural understanding, and infrastructure expansion contribute to reducing prices for fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East/Southwest Asia (UAE, Bahrain, Iraq, and Afghanistan)?

Organization of the Study

The organization of the thesis includes the following:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: Review of the Literature

Chapter 3: Methodology

Chapter 4: Findings

Chapter 5: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendations

Chapter 1: Introduction

In chapter one, the researcher introduces the focus for the study, relates the premise of the thesis, the primary research question, the sub-sections addressed, the significance of the study, along with the research methodology the researcher uses to address the study's research question.

Chapter 2: Review of the Literature

During chapter two, the researcher presents information from researched articles; books; etc. relevant to the research premise retrieved from at least 15 of the accessed articles; books; newspaper excerpts; Websites.

Chapter 3: Methodology

Chapter three reveals the methodology the researcher used to complete the study.

Chapter IV: Findings

Chapter four discusses findings from information the researcher retrieved from the study as well as data from survey results contributing to reducing prices for fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East/Southwest Asia (UAE, Bahrain, Iraq, and Afghanistan).

Chapter 5: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendations

Chapter five discusses relevant findings from researched information and survey results, with the researcher's concluding thoughts. The researcher also notes the most relevant findings of the thesis in this chapter's conclusion. Based on researched findings, the researcher offers recommendations for prospective research and, in hindsight, relates relevant lessons the researcher obtained from the study efforts.

Just as what happens in one part of the world affects other parts or the world, what happens in the literature review affects the rest of the thesis. During the next phase of the thesis, the literature review chapter, the researcher presents information retrieved from accessed articles, books and Websites to help position this study as a valuable asset in research.

CHAPTER 2:

REVIEW of the LITERATURE

"Firms are increasingly realizing that a cellular wireless solution can now provide much more stability than the usual wired connections add to this the versatility of the core technology itself and organizations will find they have a valuable asset built for the long haul"

("Lincolnshire Drainage Board…," 2010, ¶ 9).

A Thematic Review

During the literature review chapter, the researcher presents a sampling of information; relevant to enhanced negotiations, deeper cultural understanding, and infrastructure expansion contribute to reducing prices for fixed-line long haul telecommunications service procurements in the Middle East/Southwest Asia (UAE, Bahrain, Iraq, and Afghanistan)? Information for the literature's discussion of published information relating to the key terms, include, however are not limited to: Deeper Cultural understanding; fixed-line telecommunication service; infrastructure expansion; long-haul telecommunications service; procurements; Middle East; Southwest Asia; negotiations. The literature review, which synthesizes and summarizes information relating to the study's focus, implements a thematic review of the literature, organizing segments around a topic or issue, instead of chronologically ("Literature Reviews," 2010).

Fixed-Line Telecommunication

Subpart 239.74-Telecommunications Services (2009) relates the following definitions of telecommunications and telecommunications services:

"Telecommunications" means the transmission, emission, or reception of signals, signs, writing, images, sounds, or intelligence of any nature, by wire, cable, satellite, fiber optics, laser, radio, or any other electronic, electric, electromagnetic, or acoustically coupled means

"Telecommunications services" means the services acquired, whether by lease or contract, to meet the Government's telecommunications needs. The term includes the telecommunications facilities and equipment necessary to provide such services. (Subpart 239.74-Telecommunications Services, 2009, Definitions Section f-g)

James V. De Long (2008), vice president and senior analyst of the Convergence Law Institute, D.C., related points regarding the underlying structure of the disputes that have occurred in the past when infrastructures of telecommunications, transportation, finance, utilities, were established. In the journal article, "Avoiding a tech train wreck: The technology industry is consumed by disputes eerily similar to those that roiled American politics long ago…," De Long reported that in the past, numerous disputes at the juncture of technology and politics occurred. These disagreements resulted in a truce with regulatory structures created that addressed immediate crises, yet failed in a number of other ways. "These failures caused significant problems of stasis, rent-seeking, political manipulation, and corruption" (De Long, ¶ 3). According to De Long (2008), regulations in telecommunications by the Federal Communications Commission has at times suppressed innovation and contributed to waste in the field.

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Quoted Instructions for "Price-Reduction of Long Haul Fixed-Line Telecommunication Service" Assignment:

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GUIDELINES FOR THE RESEARCH PAPER:

The research paper will be a minimum of 5000 words in length. This is a minimum of 25 double spaced, typed pages. Appendices, charts and graphs are always necessary, however, they are not included in the 5000 words. They may be included in the body of the paper, as long as they do not take up the entire page.

COURSE STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES:

I believe that the objectives outlined in the syllabus can best be completed through an Applied Research project. This will be accomplished by:

1. Identifying a problem in the Procurement and Acquisitions Management core area.

2. Reviewing and analyzing the current literature on that subject (secondary research).

3. Researching and analyzing that problem through interviews, surveys, and questionnaires (primary research).

Applied Research - Applying accepted principles and known concepts to situations needing resolution, or to situations needing further understanding.

Secondary Research *****“ A review of appropriate literature in order to access prior research findings in a given area of interest. Such a search can help the researcher design his/her own primary research.

Primary Research *****“ Obtaining information from original sources as opposed to the literature, which generally reports on findings of primary research done by others.

A table of contents is required.

ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT CONDITONS RELATING TO YOUR SUBJECT:

This section describes the condition in, or about, your subject. This would be a type of *****What seems to be going on now***** document. The length of this section will be from 1 to 2 pages.

PREMISE:

The Premise is a shorter statement that leads from your *****Analysis of the present conditions relating to your subject*****. It is a statement of what you expect to prove or disprove by your research. You might find that when your research is complete, you have disproved what your set out to prove.

Sometimes used as a synonym for a hypothesis. It is basically a statement of what one expects will or will not be found in the research effort. For our purpose, we will deal with the term premise to mean the idea, which will be proved, or disproved as a result of the applied research.

The premise should be one sentence. It is something that you believe is true. Through primary research you will prove or disprove the premise.

DISCLAIMERS:

The Disclaimers are a listing of areas within the general subject of your paper that you cannot, or will not, evaluate and the reasons for not covering these areas. Some of the reasons may be those areas that are *****classified*****, *****too large an area to cover within the research*****, or *****there is not enough information about this particular area*****.

You can add to this section throughout the nine weeks.

ABSTRACT:

This is a restatement of the premise, the method of research used, and the findings.

------------------------------------------------------------

***CURRENTLY APPROVED PREMISE******

PAPER MUST BE MODELED AROUND THIS PREMISE-THIS IS PIVOTAL.

"Reducing prices for Fixed-Line Long Haul Telecommunications procurements in the middle east/southwest asia can happen through enhanced negotiations, deeper cultural understanding, & infrastructure expansion".

Please take a look at the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation or DFAR 239.74(c) if/when referring to government instructions for International procurements. I will also include the perspective of US government Telecom procurements of fixed line service (to finish the remaining 25 pages) which will include surveys, interviews, and additional perspectives of vendors in the areas listed. THis will make it closer to 35 pages, bu better more than less. I also need a works cited page please. Thank you so much for your help.

PLEASE ENSURE ABSTRACT DOES *NOT* EXCEED 1 PAGE, PLEASE DO *NOT* INCLUDE DEFINITIONS (I already have this resolved) and please do *NOT* exceed 1 page for table of contents. 16 PAGES MUST BE -JUST- RESEARCH AND 5000 WORDS MUST BE INCLUDED.

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