Literature Review on "Positive Psychology Progress"

Literature Review 6 pages (1698 words) Sources: 10

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Positive Psychology Progress

This study was based on the need for discovery of a new, effective tool to improve human related functions in the society. It therefore focused on the effectiveness of positive psychology as a viable tool in establishing positive human relationships in the society. The study was undertaken on a random sample of 198 undergraduate students. A conclusion to depict positive psychology as a viable tool in making people happier was thereby formulated.

Positive psychology would then help in marriage therapy by making couples achieve happiness. The research study was qualitative in nature but could be flawed because respondents' claims couldn't be verified. Out of the findings, it could therefore be confirmed that positive psychology could be used in marriage therapy as a tool to make couples experience marital happiness all over again (Martin, 2005).

The Effectiveness of Couple Therapy: Pre and Post Assessment of Dyadic Adjustment and Family Climate

This research study was cited in Lundblad (2005) to evaluate the effectiveness of marriage therapy in the Swedish culture. Theories and methods used in the therapy were put to test when they were used as a clinical study in the context of public health. The research study identified that in the Swedish culture, marriage therapy was widely used in marriage and family counseling. The research study identified that 40-50,000 of such cases had been treated in the recent past but many of the cases hadn't been analyzed empirically.

A non-random sample study was used of 312 couples or 614 people whereby one of the partners in each set had to be from a divorced family. The research was undertaken over a two-year period. The research study was qualitative in nature and experienced a limitation of access to one clinical group. The research was therefore dependent on two non-clinical groups. It was therefore established that both genders experienced improved marital and family relationships after the experiment. This therefore goes to show the positive relationship of marriage therapy and positive relationships between couples.

Long-Term Effectiveness of Behavioral vs. Insight-Oriented Marital Therapy: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study

This research was undertaken over a four-year period on 59 couples regarding their marital status and the accord on their marriages. These couples must have been under behavioral and insight related marriage therapy. 38% of couples under behavioral therapy were noted to undergo divorce after termination of sessions as compared to 3% of couples who received insight related therapy. This therefore goes to show that the most effective type of marriage therapy is insight related and not one aimed at changing couple's behavior.

The main problem of the study revolved around the extensive use of marriage therapy in most marital relationships and the lack of someone to determine the long-term effects of the therapy. The purpose of the study was therefore to determine the long-term effect of marriage therapy on the couples. The research study was qualitative and used statistical techniques to compile data which made the study vulnerable to generalization errors of research (Snyder, 1991).

Marriage support services and divorce: a contradiction in terms?

This research study noted that, in light of many failed marriages and low number of marriages experienced in the society today, there was an increased need to establish the role of counseling and marriage therapy. The central purpose of the study was to establish the effectiveness of marriage therapy and counseling as an aid to couples solving marriage conflict. The study was undertaken in England and Wales. The research established that marriage support services and counseling could tremendously help in solving marital conflicts.

The study was done on a group of 445 people who took up an offer to attend MWMC where the study was being done. 116 of the people in attendance involved the participation of both partners and one member in each set had to come from a divorced family. A further analysis showed that most couples who experienced marital problems came from couples whom at least one of the partners hailed from a divorced family. The study was qualitative in nature but proof couldn't be established on the responses from those in attendance (Walker, 2001).

Perceived Threat and Perceived Neglect: Couples' Underlying Concerns During Conflict

This study tried to establish a relation of marriage conflicts and personality of partners in marriage. With the increased number of conflict in marriages, there was a need to establish the causes for this observation. The central purpose of the study was to establish the underlying factors behind marriage conflict in couples by studying the personality of the couples. The study was undertaken on 1,224 married people. A 57 worded questionnaire was therefore distributed among the couples to give a brief history of themselves and why they thought they were experiencing hurdles in their marriage. Out of the married couples, one had to be from a divorced family.

It was established that perceived threat and neglect in the marriages influenced the satisfaction of couples in the relationship and ability of partners to communicate. Miscommunication was also noted to be higher among couples whom at least one hailed from a divorced home. There was however no way to verify the data availed by respondents. The study was quantitative in nature and could be used in understanding the underlying personality background of partners in marriage communication (Sanford, 2010).

Assessment of Relationship-Specific Incentive and Threat Sensitivities: Predicting Satisfaction and Affect in Adult Intimate Relationships

This study tested the factors that affected intimate relationships between adults as a determinant of the quality of relationships. This research was experimental as couples engaged in a laboratory experiment to evaluate the level of threat in their relationships. The study focused on poor intimate relationships as a probable cause to poor adult relationships. It was also stimulated by the high indication of poor adult relationships in today's society.

The study was undertaken on 204 graduates with 64% of them being women. The derived conclusions indicated that adult intimate relationships affected the overall quality of relationships. The major flaw however was that the study didn't establish that the couples were married and could therefore have incorporated the input of couples who were in a short-term relationship. The results could however be beneficial in understanding marriage relationships and conflicts (Laurenceau, 2010).

Divorce on relationship theories

This study sought to demystify the relationship between long-term effects of divorce on future relationships. The research was actually coined from the high prevalence of divorce in most modern societies. The research study was carried out on 32 male and 21 female undergraduate students. These students hailed from divorced families.

The research study was quantitative in nature but the results could be easily disputed because it was difficult to verify whether the students came from divorced families or not. It was however established that couples who hailed from divorced families were twice as likely to experience divorce unlike their counter parts from intact families. This report could be used in comprehending divorce as a factor in marriage conflict (Schwartz, 2010).

Predicting Marital Success With PREPARE: A Predictive Validity Study

This study incorporated the use of PREPARE as a tool in forecasting marriage success as its central focus of study. The problem of study was the increased failed marriages being experienced in the world today. It was later established that couples who felt satisfied in their relationships scored much better using PREPARE than couples who didn't. Questionnaires were given to 208 couples at random and the paper was based on a quantitative research. The use of random sampling could have posed generalization errors because the conclusions were based on probability. The study however exposed the use of PREPARE as a viable technique in predicting marriage success (Fowers & Olson, 1986).

Expanding the Reach and Effectiveness of marriage interventions

This research study centered on the fact that many marital… READ MORE

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