Essay on "Organizational Diagnosis Burke & Litwin Model"

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Individual needs and values

Systems

Individual and organizational performance

Management practices

Motivation

Work unit climate

Task and individual skills

Structure

The Congruence Model for Organization Analysis

The reason for the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model being considered to be a more comprehensive is that it specifies the inputs, throughputs and the outputs and this is in accordance with the open systems theory (Katz & Kahn, 1978). There are a lot of similarities between this and the Leavitt's model. However, the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model also retains the informal and formal systems of Weisbord six-box model.

There are a number of assumptions that the model is based upon and most of these assumptions are similar to the assumptions of modern organizational diagnostic models. Following are the assumptions:

1. It is within the larger environments that the organizations act as the open social systems.

2. Organizations are the dynamic entities, which means that change is not only possible but it takes place as well.

3. There are three particular levels that the organizational behavior occurs upon: the individual level, the group level and the system level.

4. Interactions take place in the organizational behavior among the individual, group and the system levels.

Factors like resources, history and environment have been used as inputs factors in the Nadler-Tushman Congruence model. Nadler and Tushman were very clear when they were conceptualizing each and every one of these factors, such as; the resources that were available to the organization were called by them as the human resources, information, technology, capital and many of the other resources that were less tangible. Although, in the model strategy is used as an input but it is the only most essential input incase of the organization and is also shown by an arrow pointing towards the organization from the input box.

The system components that make up the transformational process of the whole organization are formal organizational arrangements, informal organizational arrangements, individual components and tasks. Also, the things included in the output of the models are group, individual, system outputs like performance, products and services as well as effectiveness.

The total level of low or high system congruence seen by the whole organization can be diagnosed by analyzing the congruence among the system parts. It is also important to consider the link between the system outputs and the "paired fits." It has been explained by Nadler and Tushman (1980) that "there are consequences of the fits or the lack of fits in the key components." For example, the behavior that is seen in the system like the stress, conflict or the performance can be related to the fits or the lack of fits.

McKinsey 7S Framework

It was the consulting company McKinsey and Company that the McKinsey 7S Framework was named after. This company had conducted applied research in the field of industry and business (Pascale & Athos, 1981; Peters & Waterman, 1982). The main purpose behind the creation of McKinsey 7S Framework was to create a model that could… READ MORE