Research Paper on "Nurse Health Habits Effect Hospital Environment"

Research Paper 12 pages (4387 words) Sources: 11

[EXCERPT] . . . .

This general data includes the age, ethnicity, hobbies, general appearance, memory impairment as well as disabilities. At this particular stage the cultural challenge which was observed was the different culture that the client belonged to. It is very important to get all the essential data regarding the cultural and religious beliefs of the patient, the language he/she speaks, appropriate clothing, spiritual believes as well as the practices that can have an impact on the care that needs to be provided to the client. All this information and data can help in ensuring that proper treatment is given to the patient (Streltzer, 2008).

According to Tseng and Streltzer (2004) language is such a tool that expresses the culture. The underlying attitude, conception and values are communicated by a person through language as all these things can be very different in different cultures. Therefore, it can be very difficult to comprehend the culture of a person merely through their language especially if the language spoken by that person is very different from your own. However, through genuine interest and by remaining non-judgmental the probability of accumulating information that is relevant can be assured.

Case Study B:

Generally speaking the Muslims don't usually have an opinion regarding males acting as care providers. But the amount of importance that is given to modesty in Islam, it is preferable that female patients are not taken care of by the male nurse and vice versa. Nursing is considered to be a very intimate profession and the reason for this is the fact that in this profession we see and touch body parts that
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aren't usually seen in other professions.

The possibility of male nurse being turned away by a female patient is very high if that nurse gets assigned to a female patient who is Muslim. In such a case there is no need for the male nurse to get offended as, the Muslim females cover themselves (head-to toe) from the men. Therefore, it is essential to remember that in case of Muslim patients it's a rule of thumb that there should be male nurses for male patients and female nurses for the female patients.

The protoplasm of the Muslims is similar to all the other human beings. They should be treated like the rest of the patients. In case that they refuse to be provided with care by one nurse, it's okay for the nurse to let someone else treat them. As, it doesn't happen very often in the world therefore, it is important that the nursing instructors don't waste there and the students' time by giving them examples of such scenarios, in fact they should train them regarding situations that would help the students in being able to provide their patients with better care.

If a nurse or care provider starts to worry about the customs and traditions of Muslims then he/she should also start learning how to take care of the shinot, Sikhs wiccans, Buddhists, scientologists, the flying spaghetti monster, the nation of Yahweh, nuwaubians, followers of the Prince Philip movement etc. Although, nuwaubianism is somewhat similar to the Muslim culture so it might not be that difficult to get accustomed to that. Therefore, if this is the kind of approach that a nurse wants to take then he/she needs to start studying and a lot for that matter since this world is full of people who are very sensitive!

Part 4: Ethical Considerations in Nursing Practice

Answer A: Ethical Principles

Beneficence

The ethical theory is guided to do what is good and right according to the principle of beneficence. An ethical perspective along with a probable solution to an ethical dilemma is provided by this approach which gives priority to "doing good." The principle of utility is also quite similar to this principle as, it also states that attempts should be made by us to increase the ratio of good over evil as much as possible. This is the same thing that we have observed in the scenario mentioned in the case study as well, where each and every effort was made by the physicians and care takers to treat the patient and make his condition better; and with time it was realized that his condition was such that could hardly improve but could only be maintained. Therefore, according to this principle the ethical theories should try to do as much good as possible as it is this good that the people benefit from.

It is the utilitarian ethical theory that this principle associates with, this theory is present in the following section in this paper. The practice of medicine clearly shows an example of "doing good" as, by getting treated by a physician a patient gets better. Therefore, in my opinion this principle of beneficence wasn't violated here as, the doctors did take complete history of the patient and treated him with as much care as they could provide. It was the family's fault that they forgot to mention the fact that R.J's cousin once had a reaction to the anesthesia as well. If that fact was mentioned in the medical history, the condition that followed could have been easily avoided.

Least Harm

It is to a certain extent similar to beneficence; however, here we deal with the scenarios in which neither of the choices is beneficial.

In my opinion this principle wasn't violated by the doctors either as, they had no reason to believe that R.J's surgery won't be successful since all the tests were clear and he appeared to be in good health. Therefore, there was no real risk of doing any harm and the doctors were only trying to do their job by treating R.J for his gall stones.

Respect for Autonomy

According to this theory the people should have some control on themselves and they should be able to make decisions regarding their own lives. Therefore, according to this the people need to have as much control over their lives as they possibly can as, nobody else knows it better than them what they are going through or what path they have chosen and for what reasons.

According to the case study this principle wasn't violated either as; it is only after the consent of the patient that the doctors can operate. Yes, it is true that R.J was feeling some anxiety before the operation but the doctors can't be held responsible for not delaying the procedure or taking some action as, they felt that it was only because R.J had never been to a hospital before because of which he is feeling this anxiety and none of the tests showed anything wrong that would have made them postpone the procedure.

Justice

According to the justice ethical principles, actions prescribed by ethical theories should be such that they should be fair for all the people involved.

What this means is that there is a need for the ethical decisions to be consistent with ethical theories except for in a scenario where extenuating circumstances exist in a case and those too which can be justified.

I believe that the justice principle wasn't violated by the doctors either as,… READ MORE

Quoted Instructions for "Nurse Health Habits Effect Hospital Environment" Assignment:

I am copying and pasting the project description as written in the sylabus.

1. Research
A. A study on the health habits of nurses used a convenience sample of 120 RNs,
all female, 85% Caucasian, with an age range of 22 to 47 years old. What are
the limitations of this study and the generalizability of the findings?
B.A study hypothesis is There will be no difference between the pain level of
clients who receive acupuncture and those who do not receive it.
This is an example of which type of hypothesis? If this hypotheses is accepted what is the
conclusion about the use of acupuncture for pain management?
C.There are ethical principles* on which standards of ethical research is based.Select one of these principles and give an
example of how it governs researchers in designing a study.
*Ethical Principles
Beneficence
Respect for Human Dignity
Justice
2.Holistic Nursing Care
Case Study A: A 36 year old woman has just delivered a stillborn. It is her first
child. She becomes extremely distraught and one of her statements is “at my age
this was my last chance to have a child.” Applying the principles of holistic nursing
give a detailed description of how you would approach and care for her. .
Case Study B:
An 86 year old man has just been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
You are the nurse in the outpatient unit who is to teach him self management of his
Diabetes. You approach him to begin teaching him but he responds “I’m too old to
learn, I’ll probably die soon anyway, so I have no reason to make changes”,
Describe your plan of care for him based on holistic nursing care principles. Identify
which principles you are using and what the expected outcomes are.
3.Cultural Care
Case Study A: A Vietnamese’ woman brings a toddler to the Emergency Room
(ER) with severe upper respiratory infection. The physician orders a liquid
medication and tells the mother to give the child one teaspoon
before each meal and before bedtime. You are the nurse who discharges her from the ER. What specific
questions will you need to ask (and why) to determine that she will be able to follow
the doctor’s orders?
Case Study B: A Muslim woman comes into the ER with abdominal pain. The male
physician wishes to do a pelvic exam. As the ER nurse how can you facilitate this
based on your knowledge of the Muslim culture.
4.Ethical Considerations in Nursing Practice
Directions: Read the case study provided. In
essay style, apply and discuss the
questions listed below:
A.Identify specific violations of the following ethical principles: autonomy,
beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.
B.Make recommendations for action that are determined to be ethically
supportable recognizing that the possible choices often have both positive
and negative consequences. What should have been done differently to
avoid this dilemma?
Case Study -The client, R.J., is a 55 year old male, just retired police officer. R.J. has
a generous pension and health insurance covered by city he resides in. R.J.
was admitted for gall bladder surgery after experiencing nausea, vomiting, and
severe right epigastric pain after eating a fatty meal. Several gall stones were
revealed on ultrasound of the abdomen. During preadmission testing, the client
reported feeling very anxious about the impending surgery but the physician felt
this was a normal reaction from someone who had never been in the hospital
before. The physician told the client not to worry that the surgeon and his team
would take good care of him. R.J.‘s body systems appeared healthy, except for
the additional 50 lbs. he carried over his desiredweight. On the day of surgery,
as R.J. was being intubated,he suffered laryngospasm and the anesthesiologist
was unable to intubate R.J. went into cardiac arrest and by the time the
intubation was successful, he was left with brain damage from the lack
of oxygen. The client was sent to the intensive care unit where every effort was
made to help the client recover. Unfortunately, R.J.’s electroencephalogram
(EEG) continued to show a persistent vegetative state, although he was
successfully weaned from the ventilator. His wife noted with horror that R.J. had
a cousin who experienced a similar reaction to general anesthesia. This fact,
unfortunately, never came up during preadmission testing.The client was transferred to a general medical
surgical area for continued care until placement in a rehabilitation facility could be found.
The client required complete care for his physical needs including frequent suctioning
of his tracheostomy tube for thick, copious secretions, the result of aspiration
pneumonia that was slowly resolving. His nutritional needs were provided with
liquid supplements delivered through a recently placed percutaneous endoscopic
gastrostomy (PEG) tube. He remained in a persistent vegetative state,responding only to painful stimuli.
R.J.’s immediate family consisted of his wife of 25 years and 20 year old
daughter. The family was understandably devastated by the events and insisted that everything be done for the client.
They would wait anxiously for results of the latest EEG and of course, become upset when no improvement was shown.
Case managers contacted several rehabilitation facilities to arrange placement
but the client was rejected once an evaluation of the client’s status was made.
The client’s wife did not want her husband placed in a nursing home and
continued a search for an active rehabilitation facility. As weeks went by without
a change in the client’s status or a facility found, the tension between the nursing
staff and the family increased. The family blamed the hospital for their loved
one’s dilemma and refused to change the client’s code status or to accept
placing him in a tertiary care facility (the client did not have a living will with
advanced directives). An example of the conflict between the family and nursing
staff was the wife would frequently approach the nursing staff and query them
about R.J.’s care. Mrs. J’s lack of confidence in the hospital staff was obvious.
In addition, the nursing staff was divided on how to care for the client and his
family. Many felt the client’s family needed to accept the reality that their loved
one would not recover and place him in a long term care facility. Other nurses were more empathetic
to the family and felt they should have the time they needed to adjust to the client’s condition. Attending physicians were reluctant to push the family towards palliative care because of the wife’s plan to sue the hospital for mishandling her husband’s case.
5.Professionalism
Give your definition of professionalism and describe how you express this in you
practice.
6.Mission and Philosophy of the Divisionof Nursing
Read themission and philosophy statements. Address the following questions
related to thebolded areas of text:
A. Describe what aspects of the mission and philosophy you feel are evident in
the coursework in the RN BSN program.
B.What has been your experience with the culture of faculty interactions with students?
Division of Nursing Mission The Division of Nursing, in accordance with the mission statement of
Immaculata University, strives to develop “a truly educated person who is value ***** and committed to truth, justice, service, and peace.”The Division of Nursing of Immaculata University seeks to stimulate the expansion of
personal and professional consciousness from a holistic perspective within a Christ centered academic environment.
The RN to BSN program is designed to facilitate the educational mobility of graduates of associate degree
and diploma programs of nursing. Building on the liberal arts and sciences, the program promotes the growth of knowledge,professional skill, and intellectual inquiry. The program prepares the students for graduate study and to meet the challenges of a dynamic health care system for a global community.The MSN program builds on baccalaureate nursing education and prepares nurses for the roles of advanced practice, of educator and of manager/leader
and for doctoral study. In a framework of the liberal artsit strives to provide opportunities to integrate knowledge through logical and critical thought,independent study, aesthetic and cultural awareness, and practical experience.
The MSN program fosters students in the process of scientific inquiry and the development of research to expand nursing knowledge. The students are challenged to develop as leaders and innovators who impact the nursing
profession and the global health care system.Division of Nursing Philosophy The nursing faculty believes that
education is an intellectual journey that involves critical thinking, intellectual inquiry, problem solving and application to
professional practice. In accordance with the beliefs stated in the university’s goals, the nursing faculty believes that "the hi
ghest service a university can render its students is to prepare them for life." The faculty believes that an RN-
BSN program should build on the strengths of diploma and associate degree nursing programs and on the knowledge, experience, and skills students bring with them and that a masters in nursing program should build on the BSN
education. As a Catholic liberal arts university, Immaculata is an ideal setting in which to
educate professionals for a changing society. The preparation of students for service within a Christ centered academic community is an institutional commitment.The faculty values the individual uniqueness of each student
and strives to create an atmosphere that promotes the development of the whole person with consideration for the phy
sical, intellectual, social,moral, aesthetic and spiritual nature of humans.The faculty believes that nursing is an art and a science that incorporates the physical, psychological, and social sciences and the humanities into its practice.
As an art, nursing is the use of self in assisting persons to promote, restore, and maintain health, and to die in comfort and with dignity. Nursing necessitates the development of a sense of equity, justice, freedom, dignity, group membership,
community and the encompassing environment. The faculty believes that the discipline of nursing has a scientific basis derived from research. Critical thinking is viewed as the basis of all nursing inquiry and therapeutic nursing actions.
Nursing is also acknowledged as a legally sanctioned practice defined in the Pennsylvania Nurse Practice Act as the, "diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems, through such services as case
finding, health teaching, health counseling, and provision of care supportive or restorative of life and well being..." (Professional Nursing Law, 1987). Health is wholeness derived from the harmonious internal interaction of the body,
mind, and ***** and the harmonious balance between person and environment. It is an individually perceived and dynamic state.
The faculty embraces a holistic Christian, worldview that views all humans as composed of mind, body, ***** and believes these components are intertwined and inseparable. The faculty also believes that humans are cultural beings who are unique and who have worth and dignity, and who interact continually in a changing environment The environment comprises
internal and external systems of which the person is an integral part. The internal systems are the somatic, psychic, spiritual, and cultural nexi which form the individual personhood. External systems are comprised of the social, physical, political and cultural milieus in which the person moves, has being, and through which humanity is expressed. It is believed
that person and environment are inseparable. The faculty believes this perspective is essential for understanding the human condition.

 

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