Term Paper on "Nicotine & Caffeine Compare"
Term Paper 5 pages (1400 words) Sources: 2
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Nicotine & CaffeineCompare and discuss the two somewhat contradictory views on the nature of nicotine dependence.
In the United States, dependence on nicotine is characterized by a recurrent pattern of the use of nicotine in such a manner that it may lead to social, occupational or medical problems. In addition, an individual is felt to be physiologically dependent on nicotine if the subject requires ever increasing levels of nicotine to achieve the same level of comfort, of if the individual experiences withdrawal symptoms within hours to days after t he last episode of use. (Typical withdrawal symptoms include tachycardia, tremor, agitation, and anxiety although in those with heavy or prolonged use there are cases of nausea, vomiting and transient visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations). In most cases, the subject will often use nicotine for a longer period than was originally intended and will attempt to discontinue or decrease use, often times unsuccessfully. Probably one of the greatest indicators of nicotine dependence is the continued use despite medical or personal consequences, i.e. A diagnosis of a nicotine related cancer, the loss of a job, etc. (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). One school of thought relates nicotine dependence to the effect of nicotine exposure on the brain. It is easy to understand that early exposure activates nicotinic receptors. The theory that tolerance to levels of nicotine increases the number of binding sites in the brain is not necessarily true. Increased sensitivity to nicotine is not always associated with greater degree of use and resultant biochemical tolerance.
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1b.
Describe your understanding of the major social, political, and economic ramifications associated with findings of deception perpetrated by the tobacco industry and cigarette manufacturers
In response to several lawsuits leveled against the tobacco industry, representatives from tobacco companies have testified that nicotine was not addictive. In 1994, Victor deNoble, a former tobacco company employee, became a speaker against the tobacco industry. deNoble, and documents obtained from major tobacco companies have indicated the companies knew that nicotine was not only addictive, but also associated with an increase in heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.
But the tobacco industry is a large employer in the southeastern United States, under significant attack since 1996 when several states won large settlements stating the companies knew nicotine was addictive and yet used deliberately deceptive tactics to cover their own findings, not only on addiction but also the effect of nicotine on the human body. While this is good for the health of the population at large, the United States receives large amounts of tax money from the tobacco industry. This and the strong tobacco lobby in Washington results in relatively small judgments actually being awarded to plaintiffs. While these judgments have resulted in a legal precedent, it is difficult for plaintiffs to continue to fight against the large tobacco industry defendants, especially with their far greater access to financial resource and tolerance for almost exhaustive appeals.
1c.
Would American society be better off if the tobacco industry was completely destroyed? Explain your viewpoint
While I do not agree with smoking, I feel that it is wrong to suggest the eradication of the tobacco industry wholesale. Plaintiffs in the cases brought forward in the early 1990s became smokers in an era before the Surgeon General's report on the health risks of smoking, and by the time all risks were known, many were hopelessly addicted. People of today know better, and are made aware of the risks of smoking. If people choose to smoke anyway, this is their right. To allow the destruction of the tobacco industry would essentially be the legislation of morality, and therefore a strike against basic tenets of the United States.
2a.
Describe the major concerns voiced about caffeinism and the potential toxicity of caffeine, including risks associated with its use during pregnancy. In your opinion, how serious are those… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Nicotine and Caffeine Compare" Assignment:
Answer the two questions. Be sure to answer all parts of the questions, identifying each individual segment of each response by its number and letter: for example, 1a, 1b, etc.
If possible use the following as a reference: Drugs, Society, and Human Behavior, 12th ed., by Charles Ksir, Carl L. Hart, and Oakley Ray (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2008).
Question 1
Previous textbook readings (Chapter 2, pp. 39-42) questioned the underlying causes and nature of drug dependence. A discussion of nicotine dependence (Chapter 10, pp. 254-255) presented other important observations on a complex, incompletely understood, and remarkably controversial condition. Currently, there are several significant implications about nicotine dependence emerging from recent court actions against the tobacco industry, following charges by various states' attorneys general and selected private trial lawyers as well as by the federal government. In this context, answer the following questions:
a. Compare and discuss the two somewhat contradictory views on the nature of nicotine dependence.
b. Describe your understanding of the major social, political, and economic ramifications associated with findings of deception perpetrated by the tobacco industry and cigarette manufacturers.
c. Would American society be better off if the tobacco industry was completely destroyed? Explain your viewpoint.
Question 2
a. Describe the major concerns voiced about caffeinism and the potential toxicity of caffeine, including risks associated with its use during pregnancy. In your opinion, how serious are those risks?
b. Would the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) be justified in establishing some sort of control and/or regulatory policy with regard to products containing caffeine? Provide some examples. Explain your view.
c. Should children be restricted from caffeine use? Why? Is this a matter for government involvement? Parental guidance? Explain.
d. Discuss your own personal intake of caffeine, reporting on any noticeable effects resulting from a substantial increase and/or decrease in the amount consumed. How do any of your mood and/or behavioral changes correspond to those reported in your textbook readings? What recommendations would you make?
How to Reference "Nicotine and Caffeine Compare" Term Paper in a Bibliography
“Nicotine and Caffeine Compare.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2008, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/nicotine-caffeine-compare/422275. Accessed 5 Oct 2024.
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