Research Paper on "Non-Fertile"

Research Paper 4 pages (1231 words) Sources: 5

[EXCERPT] . . . .

For example, a woman's diet is directly related to fertility and it has been suggested that adding just one serving of meat was correlated with a 32% higher chance of developing ovulatory infertility, particularly if the meat was chicken or turkey (Sharma, Biedenharn, Fedor, & Agarwal, 2013). Another example of lifestyle factors includes smoking and an estimate thirty percent of women of reproductive age are smokers. Smoking is suggested to be deleterious on female fertility as well as in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes, which is presumed to create negative processes through ovarian reserve alteration (Thomas, et al., 2012).

Medical Treatments

Beyond lifestyle improvements, there are a number of treatments that are also available to couples that suffer from infertility. The most basic of treatment approaches is just to monitor the body for changes that can indicate the different stages of the ovulation cycle. This can ensure the couple knows that the female is ovulating and that fertilization is possible. A basal body temperature chart can help determine if a female is ovulating (Alexander, 2014). If the problem is not with identifying ovulation, the next step is to test for hormone levels.

Hormones are important in the process of ovulation and pharmaceuticals can be used to correct levels of various natural hormones. Some of the different hormone treatments include (Alexander, 2014):

Clomid (chlomiphene citrate) -- stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone and increases estradinol which can trigger ovulation

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) -- improves a women's response to ovulation stimulants

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) -- helps to stimulate egg follicles in the ovaries

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) -- works with Clomid to stimulate the release of the egg.

Beyond hormonal interventions, surgical procedures can clear any cysts or blockages in the fallopian tube or structural problems in the uterus.

More advanced technics are also now available that include artificial insemination, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and a wide range of different in vitro fertilization (IVF) technics. The first two technics are used when the infertility is the responsibility of the male. If the complication is with the female reproductive system there is now a wide array of different options available depending on where the problem lies. The eggs can now be removed and fertilized outside of the body. This allows doctors to ensure that the eggs are fertilized before transferring them back to the woman, or even to another woman who can serve as a surrogate for the pregnancy. Given the widespread prevalence of infertility as well as the rapid developments in medical technology, it is likely that even more techniques to overcome infertility will be introduced in the near future.

Works Cited

Alexander, W. (2014). New Dimensions in Women's Health. Burlington, MA: Jones & Barlett Learning.

Nakagawa, K., Nishi, Y., Sugiyama, R., Kuribayashi, Y., Akira, S., Sugiyama, R., & Inoue, M. (2013). Role of salpingoscopy in assessing the inner fallopian. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 979-984.

Paskulin, D., Cunha-Filho, J., Paskulin, L., Souza, C., & Ashton-Prolla, P. (2013). ESR1 rs9340799 Is Associated with Endometriosis-Related Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Failure. Disease Markers, 908-913.

Sanez, H., Sanez, E., Arroyo, L., & Ricarte, E. (2012). Treatments of patients with endometriosis and infertility. Association of Gynocology and Obstretrics, 705-711.

Sharma, R., Biedenharn, K., Fedor, J., & Agarwal, A. (2013). Lifestyle factors and reproductive health: taking control of your fertility. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 1-15.

Thomas, F., Masson, D., Dessolle, L., Allaua, D., Dejoie, T., Mirallie,… READ MORE

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