Research Paper on "HIV Prevention Program Tacoma Park HIV Task"

Research Paper 7 pages (2488 words) Sources: 12

[EXCERPT] . . . .

HIV Prevention Program

Tacoma Park HIV Task Force

Healthy People 2010 is a government effort designed to address key issues in the healthy of our nation. It represents the concerted efforts of the scientific community and policy makers in order to increase the overall health of the nation. One of the key objectives that will be addressed is responsible Sexual Behavior, the prevalence of HIV / AIDS being the primary reason for this objective (Healthy People 2010, 2004). In cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control, the government has established several offices and initiatives that will help in the campaign to control HIV / AIDS. These are the CDC National AIDS Hotline, CDC National Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Hotline, CDC National Prevention Information Hotline, and the Office of Population Affairs (Healthy People 2010, 2004). This research will address prevalence and need for programs that specifically address the problem of HIV / AIDS in the Washington, D.C. Area.

On average, every 9 1/2 minutes someone in the United States becomes infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Of the one million people in the United States living with HIV, nearly 1 out of 5 do not know that they are infected (Office of Population Affairs, n.d.). This creates a problem that is two-fold. First, they do not seek treatment that can prevent the development of AIDS. Secondly, they can unknowlingly pass on the virus to others through the sharing of IV drug needles and unprotected sex. Although, with the exception of receiving blood from an infected person, the spread of HIV is preventable. Human activities and behaviors are largely responsible for the spread of HIV. Therefore, program efforts should be directed towards the identification of infected individuals through testing and education about how to prevent the spread of HIV.

The Washington DC area has been targeted as a key area for studies on the prevention of HIV / AIDS. According to a recent study, nearly 3% of all D.C. residents are now infected by the HIV virus (Vargus & Fears, 2009). The HIV / AIDS crisis in Washington, D.C. is now considered an epidemic and the worst rate of infection in the country. No information could be found that broke the rates of infection down by county. However, it was found that the suburbs had a higher rate of infection than the central city.

The black population has a disproportionately higher rate of infection than white populations. Therefore, the target area for a program to raise awareness of HIV / AIDS would have the highest impact when implemented in a county with a high population of these characteristics. For this reason, Montgomery County, Tacoma Park, Maryland will be the target area

Tacoma Park in Montgomery County is located adjacent to DC proper and is the most populated county. It contains a high population of high-risk persons for contracting HIV / AIDS.

Several different levels of stakeholders can be identified in this program. All of them share a similar interest in the ability to lower HIV / AIDS rates in the general population. The first level of stakeholders is the individual within the target area. For these persons, the threat of aids is real. They must be able to assess their risk and become active participants in screening and follow up treatment should it be necessary. Persons with aids and persons who are in danger of contracting aids are the first level of stakeholders and will receive the greatest direct benefit from the program.

The second level of stakeholders are located in the Tacoma Park area. They include churches, schools, colleges, public service organizations and hospitals. These participants will be the ones who are responsible for administering and launching the HIV / AIDS program in the area. They will be the ones who work directly with the public in administering the program. They will also be the ones to see the benefits of the program, even though the results may not be tangible to them on an individual level. They will receive many benefits included a sense of community awareness, lower insurance costs and costs to social welfare program who must fund treatment of HIV / AIDS patients. They will also receive the benefits of a more productive surrounding community and increased productivity from a healthy workforce. The third level of stakeholders is nation, as it gains knowledge into which programs are effective in reducing HIV / AIDS and which are not.

Several examples of successful HIV prevention programs currently exist, such as the San Francisco Aids Foundation (2010). Many of these studies were conducted in Africa, but they confirm that the key to a successful program is to focus on changing sexual behavior and the use of shared needles in IV drug use (Gray, Serwadda, & Kigozi et al., 2006). Parkhurst (2008) found that in order for a policy change and programs to change sexual behavior to be successful, one has to understand the reasons behind the behavioral change. Ciantia, Orach, & Pariyo et al. (2009) found that distributing condoms was not responsible, but rather changes that were a result of Catholic teachings. U.S. health policies have been unproven, including admonitions to avoid unprotected sex and encouragement to use contraception (Mcfarlane, 2006).

Research suggests that the spread do HIV / AIDS cannot be controlled through admonitions from sources that do not have a personal sense of appeal. The program to be suggested will be based on the idea that the most successful programs are those that personally appeal to those at risk. The program will enlist community organizations such as schools, churches, and other community resources in the Tacoma Park area to conduct programs that focus on changing sexual behavior in the immediate area. This program can be expanded later and serve as a model for the development of other programs in high-risk areas.

Section 2: Budget and Funding

The program will entail the use of churches and other community resources within the Tacoma Park area as the venue for conducting the programs. It is felt that one of the problems in preventing HIV / AIDS is getting the words to the correct population. This campaign will use popular media, such as local television advertisements, public service announcements via the radio, posters placed in high target population areas, such subway terminals and bus stops. In addition to these areas, posters will be distributed to doctor's offices, hospitals, schools, and other areas that contain high target population densities of at-risk persons. Aid will be given to churches and schools to help develop programs that promote healthy sexual behavior on a very personal level.

Funding for the program will primarily come from grants. A number of grant funding programs are available that are specifically set aside for the reduction of HIV / AIDS. This program will clearly fall within the public service realm of many of these programs. The State of Maryland has been awarded over $17,301,577 in Federal Grant Money to fund HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment programs (CDC, 2009). The main grants to be targeted will be HIV / AIDS Surveillance and Prevention Projects that will be funded by the Maryland State Department of Health and Human Services. These programs recently had their fundage increased and are the most likely targets for grants. There are also several grant opportunities through John Hopkins University and the National Association of People with AIDS. These will be the key funding sources for the project.

Proforma Cash Flow (In Thousands)

Year 0

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

REVENUES

State and Local

2084

2084

2084

2084

2084

2084

Federal

Total Revenues

EXPENSES

Payroll

72

Advertising and Media

61

56

56

56

56

Supplies

2

Capital Outlay

15

15

15

15

15

Building Rental

0

Utilities and Other

0

22

22

22

22

22

Reserve

0

66

0

0

0

0

Total non-facility Exp

1906

Net income

-366

Facilities Expense

Net income

-716

0

73

33

33

33

It is expected that the program will serve approximately 5 million people in the metro area, who will be exposed the messages on a daily basis. The purpose is to meet the needs of the general public in assessing their risk and making the necessary changes in their lifestyle. The first year will be the most capital intensive. Although revenue sources will vary significantly from year to year, it is not expected that these numbers will be fairly consistent after the start up year.

Advertising and media costs will include printing costs, television production costs, and any costs associated with development of the church and school program. Facilities were based on averages from similar structures over a 10-year period. However, it cannot be predicted whether utility rates will rise. If they do, additional funding sources will be sought to cover the additional costs. Asking for additional funding due to rising utility costs is not unreasonable,

Section 3: Objectives and Outcomes

The objective of the program is to reduce the number of new… READ MORE

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