Case Study on "Group Therapy"
Case Study 7 pages (2325 words) Sources: 10 Style: Harvard
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Group Therapy Case StudyJohn is the group leader during week three of an eight-week psycho-educational group. Until now, the group has been quiet, but John has been setting the scene by providing them with relevant information. John has been told that his role as leader is to inform the group members of strategies and skills that can be used in order to manage their lives. At the beginning of this week's session, there is a palpable sense of unease. The group members seem highly unsettled and eventually, one of them states: "We are not happy being lectured each week." This outburst surprises John, but he continues on with little acknowledgment of the event. Several minutes pass before another group member states: "Well, if you can't listen to us, maybe we shouldn't listen to you!" Upon this second outburst, it is clear that there is no ignoring the situation at hand. The atmosphere within the group has taken a negative turn, and the present dysfunction must be addressed in order to correct the problem at hand and move forward in a productive manner.
Problems in Functioning
In the situation at hand, the group process and therefore, its functioning, has been disrupted by a disagreement as to how sessions should proceed in terms of communication and content delivery. The facilitator, John, must now work in a manner that can assist the group in accomplishing its objective by diagnosing the problem areas in terms of productive functioning, and utilize his skills as a problem-solving or decision-making entity, intervening to alter the group's operational behavior (Ogrodniczuk and Steinberg 2005, pp.45).
A group like that in the case st
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Initial Stages of Group Development
In the initial period of group development and counseling, the group counselor generally attempts to support the open expression of feelings among clients (Bonney and Ginter 1993, pp. 150). In these stages, it is imperative that the group counselor strike a balance between allowing clients to openly express their feelings and providing protection to individuals from undue pressure and intimidation (Clark 2002, pp. 271). Generally, clients who are given opportunities to assess their own readiness for group counseling, to define and evaluate their personal goals, and to develop group norms are less likely to feel hostile as seen in the case study at hand (Ohlsen, Horne and Lawe 1988, 32).
In viewing the study at hand, the initial stages of group development appear to have been handled in the correct manner, as for the first two weeks, the session ran smoothly and without incident. Until this point in time, group members had acted in a manner that would aid in the overall productivity of the group and its mission. However, in viewing the incidents of the third week, one can note the shift in attitudes, which may be attributed to John's leadership strategies. However, one can note that this incident, appearing in the third week of an eight-week course, can still be considered the initial stages of the group, as dynamics have not been fully established. The introduction of John -- and his new style -- into the group in the third week may have further been viewed by group members as an invasion upon the dynamic that had been established in the two sessions prior.
While group members lash out on John for what they deem a dictatorial style of leadership, the question remains as to whether the group's frustrations are actually with John or the result of pent-up frustrations of the past two weeks. While it is noted that the first two sessions ran smoothly, which would indicate the basis for productive initial group development, the leadership styles of the two previous group leaders is never mentioned, which further poses the question of whether group members accepted and actively participated in said sessions, or if they were dictated to as they believe John has done and chose to remain complacent during the initial adjustment period to the group itself.
The Role of Contracting and Group Structure
Behavior contracting is a therapeutic technique in which an agreement is reached with a client, usually in the form of a signed contract, which makes clear the consequences that would follow certain identified behaviors (Carns and Carns 1994, pp. 155). Such contracts may be utilized as adjunct to a behavior modification program or a behavior therapy intervention (Chickering 1977, pp.96). Such contracting takes on an additional dimension within a group structure, as the contract must encompass a common goal of an entire group of individuals rather than a single client.
In creating behavioral contracts within the setting of a group, group members are encouraged to work as a team in order to reach the intended goal. Contracting for behavior change can be an effective method of introducing increased clarity, definition, and task orientation to verbal material that otherwise might remain vague and abstract within a group (Berg, Fall, and Landreth 2006, pp. 221). It can involve the member and the group in a specific process of problem identification and solution, and contracting itself within a group structure can provide identifiable steps, bilaterally agreed upon, to help group members go beyond mere awareness or recognition and into a utilized program for change (Berg, Fall, and Landreth 2006, pp. 223). One of the key factors in the success of behavioral contracting within a group is the ability for each group member to feel free and autonomous enough to both impart and value group input, while at the same time being willing to assume full personal responsibility for carrying out the agreed-upon contract. In the case study at hand, the capacity for these members to exchange ideas freely in moving toward the contracted goal has been hindered by a lapse in communication and a distrust of the leader -- John -- and his methods.
Task and Maintenance Balance in terms of Power Issues
Group counseling essentially provides the framework for teamwork, and in such teams, there are many roles that people perform. Some of these roles relate to helping the group perform its tasks, while others relate to the maintaining of group relationships among members. Additionally, there are dysfunctional roles that may hinder the team, with behavior shifting toward personal agendas rather than team needs, which can be seen in the case study at hand in the group's turning its anger toward John rather than the issues being addressed within the eight-week session. In viewing the maintenance roles and lack of balance in the group at hand, one can see that the group members have moved from being passive followers to aggressors in their resentment of John and unwillingness to move forward with the session. While John, the group leader, is left with the struggle of picking up the pieces in terms of reestablishing a group dynamic that is unified enough to move on.
Such a lapse in task maintenance and balance in this group can be fully attributed to power issues. The group members feel they have lost any semblance of power by allowing the sessions to be led in a manner that dictates information to them rather than value their input and personal contributions. As previously mentioned, the group is now functioning under the notion, "Why should I listen to you if you refuse to listen to me?" In viewing this notion, it becomes clear that the power structure in this group is entirely too volatile. Further, while the use of an impartial leader in such counseling sessions is necessary, the counselor at hand should never be deemed to be in full control of the group, but rather as an unbiased observer who has left the power… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Group Therapy" Assignment:
Read the case study below and write an essay analysing the situation in light of group work theory.
Case study
John is the group leader in week three of an eight week psycho-educational group. Until now the group has been quiet, but John has been setting the scene and providing them with relevant information. John has been told that his role as leader is to inform the group members of strategies and skills to manage their lives.
At the beginning of the group this week there is a sense of uneasiness. The group members seem unsettled and eventually one of them states *****We are not happy being lectured to each week*****. This surprises John, but he continues on without too much acknowledgment. Several minutes later another group member states *****Well if you can*****t listen to us, maybe we should not listen to you!***** It is clear that something has to be done to manage the situation.
Your essay should include:
An explanation of the group*****s problems in functioning
A suggestion of probable causes of the dysfunction
An analysis of the initial stages of the group*****s development
A discussion of the role of contracting and group structure
An analysis of task and maintenance balance
A discussion of power issues in the group
Suggested leader interventions and potential outcomes
Reference to relevant literature, linking your ideas to theory discussed in the unit
Marking criteria:
Content
1. Problems in the group*****s functioning explained
2. Probable causes of dysfunction suggested
3. Initial stages of the group*****s development an*****d
4. Role of contracting and structure discussed
5. Task and maintenance balance an*****d
6. Power issues discussed
7. Leader interventions and potential outcomes suggested
8. Evidence of familiarity with relevant literature and theory
9. Evidence of integration of theory and practice
Structure
10. Appropriate introduction provided that clearly articulates the topic
11. Main ideas clearly and logically presented
12. Appropriate conclusion provided that summarises the key findings/ideas
13. Relevant literature used properly
14. Third person writing style used
15. Fluent writing style used with correct spelling, grammar and punctuation
How to Reference "Group Therapy" Case Study in a Bibliography
“Group Therapy.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2011, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/group-therapy-case-study-john/2170013. Accessed 1 Jul 2024.
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