Term Paper on "Fiber Optics New Advances"

Term Paper 5 pages (1398 words) Sources: 1+

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Fiber Optics

History of Fibre Optics

Advantages and Disadvantages)

Advancement of Fiber Optic Technology

Fiber Optics

The later half of the twentieth century has witnessed dramatic developments in the field of data communication. The tremendous growth in telephone traffic as well as the ever-increasing demands for radio and television transmissions, forced the search for alternative and more efficient data transmission systems. The idea of using light as a carrier of data created a paradigm shift to the telecommunications domain. Simply, the higher frequency of light waves implied that more data could be packed. Being a digital transmission technology, fiber optics became the much preferred communication technique in today's digital world. Fiber optic networks are fast replacing the traditional copper wires in telecommunication networks throughout the world. Let us have a brief overview of the history, the science, the advancements and the application areas for this new age technology.

History of Fibre Optics

John Tyndal, the famous British physicist, discovered the phenomenon of total internal reflection of light in 1870. This discovery is widely regarded as the key to the science of fiber optics. But Alexander Graham Bell's Photophone was the first practical application of light as a medium for carrying data. Graham Bell's photophone transmitted sound waves using light up to a distance of 200 meters. Then in the early fifties the development of the fiberscope, and the introduction of cladding technique to minimize loss of signal made optical transmission a more

Continue scrolling to

download full paper ⤓

promising possibility. However, the discovery of laser technology in 1960 was the first major breakthrough in fiber optics. [David R. Goff]. The high power and precision of the laser diode enabled the possibility of focusing a minute area with intense light energy. Gradually in the 1970's the improvement in glass purification process made it possible to limit optical signal loss to less than 20db/km making fiber optics telecommunication systems a practical possibility. Further improvements in the technology of light emitters, as well as fiber production, gradually lessened the signal attenuation below 2db/km and present day optical fibers reach a theoretical minimum optical loss of.2db/km, making optical fibers the most efficient signal transmission medium. [Jeff Hecht]

Design

Optical fibres are nothing but thin strands of highly purified glass that transmit data in the form of light. These individual glass strands have a diameter of around 120 micrometers and are bundled together as optical cables that can transmit data upto 50 Km without the need for repeaters. Each optic fiber can be divided into three distinct layers namely the innermost layer or the core, the cladding layer that immediately covers the core and the outermost buffer coating made of plastic that is designed to protect the fiber from weather and other external damages. While the core is the glass medium on which light travels the cladding layer is used to reflect the escaping light back into the core and thus minimize the optical signal loss. The lower refractive index of the cladding material facilitates reflection of light back into the core region. Thus by using total internal reflection, optical fibres can carry data in the form of light pulses over large distances with little loss. [Craig C. Freudenrich]

The basic fiber optic relay network consist of a transmitter that generates as well as encodes light pulses, an optical fiber that carries the generated pulses, a laser regenerator which is used to energize the weakened signals and finally an optical receiver that decodes the light pulses into electrical signals. The common transmitter wavelengths used in optic fibres are 850 nm, 1,300 nm, and 1,550 nm, ranging from infrared to non-visible regions of the light spectrum. The transmitter lens helps focus the light into the optical fibres with precision and a photodiode in the receiver component detects light. The regenerator is simply an optical fiber coated with a doping material that is exposed to laser beam. Thus, when the signal reaches the doped region the laser beam amplifies it. [Craig C. Freudenrich]

Fiber Optics (Advantages and Disadvantages)

Optical fibres offer many benefits over conventional copper wires. Firstly, optical fibres have high capacity in terms of the bandwidth that can be packed (light waves have very high frequencies compared to sound waves).… READ MORE

Download Full Paper

Write a New Paper for Me

Quoted Instructions for "Fiber Optics New Advances" Assignment:

“

THE COMPONENTS OF THE REPORT

_____(A) Page one, the opening page of your report, should contain your name, your e-mail address, the title of your report, and your outline.

(The body of your report should follow--leave only a couple of free horizontal lines between the outline and the body of the report.) (Limit your use of white space. The usage of space on your screen is quite different when submitting a hard copy of your report. When you use a lot of white space for your report, it means that the user will be spending more time scrolling to read your report and also will be using more paper to print your report.)

THIS REPORT MUST CONTAIN AT LEAST 1500 WORDS IN THE MAIN BODY!!!!

_____(B) The OUTLINE should contain the same main headings and subheadings as the text of your report.

(single space the outline)

The first main heading should be the 'Introduction' in which you introduce your topic and also state what you are covering in your report. The heading, 'Introduction,' is followed by the rest of your outline headings. The report ends with the following headings:

'Summary' or 'Summary and Recommendations'

'Bibliography' ( include a bibliography; references are included within the text--within the paragraphs of your report)

_____(C) The TEXT of your report. After the outline, include the main body of your report. Most important: the text--main body of your report--is to be a minimum of 1500 words and a maximum of approximately 2500 words. Additional material can be included in an appendix. (Try not to exceed 2,500 words.)

_____(D) The INTRODUCTION of your report should include a statement specifying the purpose of your report--what you plan to cover and/or accomplish in your report. Also include two or three sentences about the subject, but don't go into depth. Save the 'depth' for the next sections of your report.

_____(E) IN-TEXT References are to be included throughout the main body of your report. Use APA format style. Address in-text references as follows:

(1) Use in-text notes. For each reference, identify the author and page number. OR identify the author or title of the web site and page number (or paragraph number). Place this information in parenthesis in the body of the text.

_____(F) The MAIN BODY of text ends with a SUMMARY section.

_____(G) BIBLIOGRAPHY follows the main body of the report. Use APA format style.

In the Bibliography list ALL of the material you have consulted in preparing your report whether or not you have actually cited the work. Entries in a Bibliography are put in alphabetical order by last names of authors, editors, or by first words of titles. Do not number entries.

5. REPORT FORMAT

______(A) Use SINGLE SPACING with double spacing between paragraphs.

No need to indent paragraphs, as you are double spacing BETWEEN paragraphs.

______(B) USE MAIN HEADINGS AND SUBHEADINGS throughout the body of your report.

Your main headings may be in all caps while your subheadings may be initial caps----in order to distinguish between them. Most important, be consistent in what you do.

All headings--both main and subheadings--in the body of the report should be identical to those listed in your outline.

Note: About references and the bibliography

- Use CURRENT REFERENCES (2001 or later--as much as is possible)

- Base the material in your report on at least FOUR references. Do not base your report primarily on one reference.

DO NOT USE textbooks used in other courses. Use materials (recent articles, interviews, etc.) that focus primarily on telecommunications and written by authorities in the field of telecommunications.

- Include in-text references within the body of the report. Check that in-text references are presented in the correct format.

- Include a bibliography at the end of the report. List all of the material which you have consulted in preparing your report whether or not you have actually cited the work.

- When preparing the bibliography, double space after the last line of the main body of your report. Entitle the new section, 'Bibliography' and use the APA style. Treat each entry separately, putting the first line of each entry flush against the left margin and all subsequent lines of that entry flush as well.

- Use the APA style guide for in-text and bibliographic reference format.

------------------------------------------------------------Here is a tentaive outline to go by (changes can be made):

New Advances of Fiber Optics Technology

Objectives:

A. To provide the origin of fiber optic technology, past to present

B. To show the advances of fiber optic technology and present day uses of this technology

I. Introduction

II. What is fiber optics/fiber optic cable?

A. Origin

B. Design

C. Advantages/Disadvantages of using Fiber Optics

III. Advancement of Fiber Optic Technology

A. Past

B. Present

C. Future expansion of Fiber Optic Technology

IV. Summary

V. Bibliography

Tentative References:

Fiber Optics. Retrieved May 16, 2005, from www.howstuffworks.com

Fiber Optics. Retrieved May 16, 2005, from www.whatis.com

Bell College. (2004) Fiber Optics. Retrieved May 16 2005, rom http://floti.bell.ac.uk/MathsPhysics/fibreops.htm

Fiber Optics. Retrieved May 16, 2005, from http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/f/fiber_optics.html

How to Reference "Fiber Optics New Advances" Term Paper in a Bibliography

“Fiber Optics New Advances.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2005, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120. Accessed 5 Oct 2024.

Fiber Optics New Advances (2005). Retrieved from https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120

A1-TermPaper.com. (2005). Fiber Optics New Advances. [online] Available at: https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120 [Accessed 5 Oct, 2024].

”Fiber Optics New Advances” 2005. A1-TermPaper.com. https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120.

”Fiber Optics New Advances” A1-TermPaper.com, Last modified 2024. https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120.

[1] ”Fiber Optics New Advances”, A1-TermPaper.com, 2005. [Online]. Available: https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120. [Accessed: 5-Oct-2024].

1. Fiber Optics New Advances [Internet]. A1-TermPaper.com. 2005 [cited 5 October 2024]. Available from: https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120

1. Fiber Optics New Advances. A1-TermPaper.com. https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/fiber-optics-history-fibre/2435120. Published 2005. Accessed October 5, 2024.

Related Term Papers: