Essay on "DNA Finger Printing Techniques"

Essay 3 pages (1028 words) Sources: 6

[EXCERPT] . . . .

When DNA fingerprints of relatives that have a history of a particular disorder are studied, or when comparisons are made in a large group of people that have particular disorder and those who do not have the disorder there can be conclusions made on the identified patterns that are associated with the disease that is in question. This is a crucial first step that has to be made in the designing of a genetic cure for these disorders (Betsch, 2000)

Personal identification

The fact that every organ or tissue of an individual has the same DNA fingerprint, then some governments have begun using programs for the collection of DNA fingerprints and storing them for later uses such as if there is need for identifications of individuals who are missing or casualties. This is particularly important when a body is badly decomposed or if only some body parts are available in cases of natural disasters or wars. The use of DNA fingerprints as proved to be more superior when compared to other strategies like blood typing or dental records that are currently in use. Therefore DNA fingerprints can be used as a genetic barcode to identify individuals (Betsch, 2000)

Forensic or criminal use

Police have begun to use DNA finger prints to link suspects who leave some biological evidence on a crime scene during their criminal activities. The evidence that can be used for DNA fingerprinting includes hair, semen stains or blood. They can also be used to prove whether a suspect was actually there at the crime scene or not.

Paternity and maternity

A child inherits his or her VNTRs from either the mother or the father. These patterns among a parent and child can be used in solving child identification cases of paternity. This is also useful to identify parents of babies that were switched at birth (Betsch, 2000).

Just like everything in the world of science, there exist problems with DNA fingerprinting. These problems include; the generation of a high probability meaning that the probability of a DNA fingerprint belonging to a specific person needs to be reasonably high especially in criminal cases where the association helps in the establishment of whether the suspect is guilty or innocent. There are problems that are associated with determining probability this occur due to factors such as racial lines within a population. There can also be technical difficulties that may occur during the process of probing that may lead to the development of problems that pertain to the determination of probability (Lieberman, K. & Brinton, 2004).

References

Lieberman, K. & Brinton, k. (2004). Basics of DNA Fingerprinting. Retrieved November 29, 2012 from http://protist.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint/dnaintro.html

Web MD. (2012). DNA Fingerprinting. Retrieved November 29, 2012 from http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dna-fingerprinting

Betsch, F.D (2000).DNA fingerprinting in Human Health and Society .Retrieved November 29, 2012 from http://www.biotech.iastate.edu/biotech_info_series/bio6.html

CliffsNotes.com.(2012).DNA fingerprinting. Retrieved November 28, 2012 from http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/study_guide/DNA-Fingerprinting.topicArticleId-8741,articleId-8628.html?citation=true READ MORE

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