Term Paper on "Proteus Vulgaris"
Term Paper 5 pages (1479 words) Sources: 3 Style: APA
[EXCERPT] . . . .
diseases associated with the bacterium called Proteus vulgaris, outlines its history, explains how the bacterium is transmitted, and its diagnosis, besides discussing prevention of the diseases that proteus vulgaris causes, and their treatment. It also includes an outline of the paper and bibliography.What is Proteus Vulgaris?
Proteus vulgaris (also known as P. vulgaris) is a rod-shaped, gram negative bacterium that is usually found in the intestinal tracts of animals, but it is sometimes also present in soil, stagnant water, fecal matter, raw meats, and dust. It most commonly causes urinary tract infection such as cystitis (infammation of the ladder) and pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidney), but may also cause wound infections, sinus and respiratory tract infections.
History
The genus Proteus was first described by the German microbiologist, Gustav Hauser in 1885. It is now known that the genus Proteus has five named species and three unnamed genomospecies but Hauser discovered two of them, i.e., Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris in his experiments. He did so by noting the swarming nature of the organisms and divided the strains into the two species based on the speed of their ability to liquefy gelatin by discovering that P. vulgaris liquefies gelatin "rapidly," and P. mirabilis does so "more slowly." (O'Hara et al., 2000).
In 1894, Theobald Smith reported the fermentative characteristics of the two species using glucose, sucrose, and lactose and their greatly diminished or complete loss of the ability to liquefy gelatin as the culture aged; in 1919, Wenner and Rettger, while studying the char
download full paper ⤓
How is the Bacterium Spread?
As noted earlier, Proteus vulgaris is present in the gastro-intestinal tracts of animals, including humans as part of normal human intestinal flora but is also sometimes found in the soil, stagnant water, fecal matter, putrified meat and dust. Other habitats of the bacteria include long-term care facilities and hospitals, where this gram-negative bacilli is known to colonize both the skin and oral mucosa of patients and hospital personnel. Infection is primarily spread from these reservoirs. However, Proteus species are not the most common cause of infections and even among the infections caused by the Proteus species of the bacilli, Proteus vulgaris is the cause of a still smaller percentage of infections. For example, the Proteus group of bacteria is the cause of a small percentage of all urinary tract infections (UTI); out of these, Proteus mirabilis causes 90% of all Proteus infections and Proteus vulgaris is the cause of even smaller cases of UTI. This is because P. vulgaris is very rarely found in the faeces and the bacterium usually attacks only those people who have severely compromised immune systems (Senior and Leslie, 1986).
The most common method of the spread of Proteus vulgaris is through direct contact. This can occur, particularly in females, due to the proximity of the urethra to the anus and in unhygienic environments in which the bacteria gets into wounds. People at greater risk of infection are immunosuppressed individuals, those with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract, individuals with multiple prior episodes of UTI, multiple antibiotic treatments, and those who have had urethral instrumentation such as a urinal catheter inserted.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of the presence of Proteus vulgaris is done through culture tests in the laboratory. Most Proteus strains are lactose negative and demonstrate characteristic swarming motility on agar plates.
The other notable feature of Proteus bacterium is its ability to degrade urea to ammonia, by production of the enzyme urease. This distinguishes them from the other enterics and is used in a simple diagnostic test. Bacteria isolated from urine samples are inoculated onto a nutrient agar containing urea and the indicator phenol red. After overnight incubation, the ammonia produced by Proteus or Providentia raises the pH and changes the colour of the medium from yellow to red (Deacon,… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Proteus Vulgaris" Assignment:
Paper must include outline.
If bacteria is gram negative or positive
diseases associated with bacteria
history of bacteria
Transmission,prevension,treatment
How to Reference "Proteus Vulgaris" Term Paper in a Bibliography
“Proteus Vulgaris.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2007, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/diseases-associated-bacterium/60754. Accessed 6 Jul 2024.
Related Term Papers:
Effects of Organic Amendments on Growth Term Paper
Soil Amendments and Yellow Bean Production
Effects of Organic Amendments on Growth of Phaseolus vulgaris
Compost is an important element in organic production systems. The use of compost can reduce… read more
Term Paper 8 pages (2079 words) Sources: 8 Topic: Nutrition / Diet / Eating
Keyword in Two Gentlemen of Verona Essay
Gentlemen of Verona
The concept of metamorphosis in the Two Gentlemen of Verona
William Shakespeare's 1590 play The Two Gentlemen of Verona deals with a series of concepts that later… read more
Essay 5 pages (1589 words) Sources: 1+ Style: MLA Topic: Theatre / Opera / Play
Storytelling in Odyssey Book Report
Storytelling in "The Odyssey"
Storytelling not only shapes the Odyssey, it demonstrates the power of storytelling. Homer was not simply telling a story, he manipulated the art of storytelling to… read more
Book Report 6 pages (1670 words) Sources: 1 Topic: Mythology / Folklore / Science Fiction
Should Acne Be Treated Term Paper
Acne Be Treated?
Treating Acne: the Methods, Advantages and Dangers Entailed
What is acne, why does it appear on the skin, and can it be prevented?
According to the National… read more
Term Paper 11 pages (3256 words) Sources: 1+ Topic: Medicine / Pharmacy
Medical Terminology Essay
Medical Terminology
Just another Typical Day at the Hospital
Hospital, two doctors walking down a busy corridor
Woman Doctor: You are such a curmudgeon!
Man Doctor: I know, but the… read more
Essay 5 pages (1877 words) Sources: 0 Topic: Disease / Virus / Disorder / Injury
Sat, Jul 6, 2024
If you don't see the paper you need, we will write it for you!
We can write a new, 100% unique paper!