Term Paper on "Crime Analysis and Intelligence Analysis in the Future of Policing and Homeland Security"
Term Paper 8 pages (2204 words) Sources: 12 Style: MLA
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Crime Analysis and Intelligence Analysis in the Future of Policing and Homeland SecurityThe objective of this work is to write a position paper on the roles of crime analysis and intelligence analysis in the future of policing and homeland security while citing at least 10 sources and ultimately conducting a synthesis of the various concepts, tools, issues and perspectives in what will be a critical analysis.
Inspector Gadget was a cartoon character that was very popular in the 1990s and was a character that had a great many very cool gadgets just as did James Bond in the movies. Yesterday's dream gadgets are the today's police and homeland security officer's tools of trade. However, if this information and technology is not properly shared in among intelligence and crime analysts within the agency there is a great omission within the department.
INTEGRATION of INTELLIGENCE and CRIME ANALYSIS
The work of Ratcliffe (2007) entitled: "Integrated Intelligence and Crime Analysis: Enhanced Information Management for Law Enforcement Leaders" states: "Intelligence-led policing is a business model and managerial philosophy where data analysis and crime intelligence are pivotal to an objective, decision-making framework that facilitates crime and problem reduction, disruption and prevention through both strategic management and effective enforcement strategies that target prolific and serious offenders." (Forthcoming 2008: Intelligence-Led Policing. Cullompton, Devon, UK: Willan Publishing; as cited in Ratcliffe, 2007) Ratcliffe notes the statement of Debra Piel, Intelligence Analyst, Massachusetts State Police Fusion Center: "I don't know
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Tactical Intelligence
Ratcliffe relates that the "most common level of criminal intelligence in operation around the world is tactical intelligence. This level of analysis supports front-line enforcement officers and investigators in taking case-specific action in order to achieve enforcement objectives such as tactical plans. In this case the criminal environment that is under examination is a micro-level one, where the decision makers and individual investigators are small teams targeting local criminals. This is the most dominant form of intelligence analysis across the world and it is understandable why this is so." (2007) This level of intelligence targets only local obvious problems because they do not have access to the "broader and more holistic levels of intelligence that can provide a greater understanding of long-term problems, problems that exist at scales greater than that of the behavior of individual offenders." (2007) There is an inherent problem with this type of intelligence in that it drives the "more short-term, arrest-focused activity, which in turn increases the demand for more tactical intelligence." (Ratcliffe, 2007)
Operational Intelligence
Operational intelligence is the type of criminal intelligence that "exists at a broader, organizational level. Operational intelligence is the creation of an intelligence product that supports area commanders and regional operational managers in planning crime reduction activity and deploying resources to achieve operational objectives (Ratcliffe 2004). That some professional organizations do not consider this to be a distinct level of intelligence work is a mistake; if anything, this is the fastest growing area of criminal intelligence. This meso-level of operation supports decision makers who are responsible for geographic areas or who command enforcement teams. Operational intelligence helps decision makers decide which organized crime groups are most vulnerable to enforcement or which areas of a city require the most resources. " (Ratcliffe,
Strategic Intelligence
Strategic intelligence "aims to provide insight and understanding into patterns of criminal behavior and the functioning of the criminal environment, and aims to be future-oriented and proactive. The strategic intelligence products seeks to influence long-term organizational objective and to contribute to discussions of policy, resource allocation and strategy. Good strategic products will influence not just police behavior but also that of other, non-law enforcement organizations that are able to have an impact on crime, such as health services, city planners, and other criminal justice agencies. Strategic intelligence is an often-misunderstood aspect of criminal intelligence and, yet, if real crime reduction is to be achieved, it has the potential to be of the greatest value to police leaders and executives responsible for crime prevention." (Ratcliffe, 2007) the following figure illustrates the simple scope of intelligence activities for different types of agencies.
Simplified Scope of Intelligence Activities for Different Types of Agencies
Source: Ratcliffe (2007)
The statement of Deborah Osborne, Crime Analyst, Buffalo, New York, Police Department is noted: "Analysts may employ nonlinear approaches to analysis by synthesizing information obtained in a number of methods to see a more complete 'whole' of a crime problem. These methods may include:
crime-mapping;
statistical-analysis field observations of high-crime and low-crime areas; reading crime and intelligence reports; talking to officers, suspects, victims; looking for evidence links; and gathering information on known offenders residing in or near the jurisdiction. (as cited in Ratcliffe, 2007)
The result will be a "more accurate 'whole picture' and improve the meaningfulness and utility of information generated by law enforcement and analysts." (Osborne as cited in Ratcliffe, 2007) Ratcliffe relate the need for an integrated analysis model. It is related by Christopher Bruce in this work that the crime analysts "Have their fingers on the pulse of the crime and safety dynamic in the jurisdictions - what's up, what's down, where the hot spots are, what type of property is being stolen, and so on. In other words, they know about the patterns trends and problems. The intelligence analysts, on the other hand are likely to be more aware of the specific people responsible for the crime in the jurisdiction - who they are, where they live, what they do, who they associate with, who gives their orders, and what they're planning." (as cited in Ratcliffe, 2007)
The following figure illustrates an Isolated Crime and Intelligence Analysis Model.
Isolated Crime and Intelligence Analysis Model
Source: Ratcliffe (2007)
The following figure illustrates the Integrated Crime and Intelligence Analysis Model
Integrated Crime and Intelligence Analysis Model
Source: Ratcliffe (2007)
Benefits of the Integrated Analysis Model include those as follows:
The big picture;
Increased enforcement options
Cheaper in the Long Run; fluid response to crime realistic analysis model; single point of contact for interagency communication.
Potential barriers include:
Civilians within the law enforcement environment;
Different missions
Terminology;
Invulnerability
Case-by-case thinking;
Isolated thinking;
Perceived legal constraints;
Compartmentalization;
Lack of leadership;
Lack of training;
Technology constraints;
Education; and Organizational Structure. (Ratcliffe, 2007)
It was reported in an October 5, 2007 Business Wire… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Crime Analysis and Intelligence Analysis in the Future of Policing and Homeland Security" Assignment:
position paper on the roles of crime analysis and intelligence analysis in the future of policing and homeland security. Cite at least 10 different sources. This paper must represent the synthesis of the various concepts, tools, issues, and perspectives Students will be expected to display a depth of understanding and critical thinking approaches in their final paper.
How to Reference "Crime Analysis and Intelligence Analysis in the Future of Policing and Homeland Security" Term Paper in a Bibliography
“Crime Analysis and Intelligence Analysis in the Future of Policing and Homeland Security.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2007, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/crime-analysis-intelligence/9829984. Accessed 3 Jul 2024.
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