Term Paper on "Combat Supply Support Communications and Information Systems"
Term Paper 12 pages (3763 words) Sources: 15 Style: Harvard
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Combat Supply Support Communications and Information Systems Requirements for Future LogisticiansThe only thing worse in war other than "having to fight with allies is having to fight without allies."
Winston Churchill during World War II)
The purpose of this study is to examine the coalition partnership between Australia and the United States in regards to the requirements of combat supply communications and information systems requirements for future logisticians.
The work of Colonel Patrick J. Dulin states that it is stated that a commented made by Winston Churchill during World War II was that the only thing worse in war other than "having to fight with allies is having to fight without allies." (2002) Furthermore, it is also stated that General Omar Bradley, during the very same conflict stated: "Logistics were the lifeblood of the allied armies." (Dulin, 2002) Coalition forces are of integral importance to U.S. operations that are based in other countries and other areas of the world. This work explores the coalition forces agreement as it presently exists between the United States and the government of Australia.
LIMITATIONS
The limitations of this study are the short time allotted for research and the availability of materials which to review for this study.
I. TECHNOLOGICAL/CAPABILITY GAP
There is a technological and capability gap existing between the United States and its coalition forces. The work of Engler, Gladowski and Lee entitled: "Coalition Operations: Politically Necessary Yet Operationally Challenging" states: "The fact
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Zannini and Morrison (2000) hold that the gap in technology that "characterized past operations will continue to grow." The gap began with differences in spending that took place in the 1980s. The following chart illustrates the defense budget spending patterns of the U.S. And NATO Europe between 1980 and 2001.
NATO Europe Defense Budget Spending vs. U.S. Defense Budget Spending
Source: Engler, Gladowski and Lee (2004)
Engler, Gladowski and Lee state: "Some huge differences in defense spending and technological advances of U.S. historical coalition partners have been noted; these differences have manifested themselves several ways both during preconflict planning and during the fray. Without going into each coalition-involved operation, some lessons can be proven to be cross-cutting in nature." (2004) Stated as the 'key shortfalls' that were identified on a repeated basis for Desert Storm, Bosnia and Kosovo operations were those of:
communications;
command and control;
precision strike;
intelligence;
surveillance and reconnaissance; and logistic/life capabilities. (Engler, Gladowski and Lee, 2004)
Engler, Gladowski and Lee relate that used in the endeavor of force planning and execution monitoring for U.S. air operations is done using the Contingency Theater Air Planning System (CTAPS) and the follow-on Theater Battle Management Core System (TBMCS). NATO has developed the Interim CAOC Capability (ICC) for force-level planning, with a planned follow-on to the Air Command and Control System. Neither of the NATO systems was developed with interoperability with U.S. systems in mind, and the current ICC was built to control from 200 to 1,000 sorties per day, compared to CTAP's 3,000 sorties per day. " (2004)
Reported in the work of Engler, Gladowski and Lee (2004) are two partnership projects between the United States and Australia. The first of these is the Joint Training Facility which is planned to be established in Australia with the goals of refining operational aspects and interoperability between their armed forces." This initiative is stated to include "pre-positioning of stores and equipment in Australia to aid the U.S. strategic intention of rapid force projection capability." (Bostock, 2004) the second joint initiative was reported by the Australian Minister of Defense who stated that a memorandum of understanding (MOU) will be signed in the United States establishing a framework for cooperation. Engler, Gladowski and Lee (2004) report: "Expected within the initiative is the construction of three air warfare destroyers (AWDs) for the Royal Australian Navy. The initial capability for these ships will be initial identification and tracking of ballistic missiles. This information would be transmitted to U.S. Navy ships able to intercept and destroy missiles in flight. Future enhancements would give Royal Australian Navy ships identification, tracking, and engagement capability through the long-range Standard SM-3 ship-based theater defense missile. Capabilities of the Missile Defense System are inclusive of the following capabilities:
intelligence systems to detect preparations for missile launches;
sensors to detect missile launches;
tracking systems and sensors to discriminate decoys from warheads;
mobile launchers for short-range or boost phase interceptors;
space, sea or land-based launchers for mid-course interceptors;
home-based launchers for terminal interceptors;
range of weapons, such as explosive, kinetic (high speed) and laser weapons; and command and control systems. (Australian Department of Defense, 2004)
II. IMPROVING COALITION LOGISTICS
In order to improve coalition logistics there are several areas of logistics that must be factored into that which must be improved. According to Dulin (2002) improvement of coalition logistics begins with: (1) acquisition logistics; and (2) Tactical and operational logistics. Specifically stated by Dulin (2002) is the following: "Coalition partners' requirements most often are reflected in a narrow, regional interoperability focus; for example, potential coalition partners from a tropical area will have little need for interoperability with equipment under development for cold weather operations. Furthermore, even for a single region, a program cannot accommodate every potential coalition partner. There simply is not that much discretionary funding available in any program. Thus, the managers of an acquisition program require even greater discernment to identify those countries that are the most likely future coalition partners within any one region (in other words, a regional priority scheme). In short, the present acquisition logistics process simply does not provide a coalition advocate to identify an intraregional priority of potential coalition partners and to identify interoperability standards for poorer coalition partners" (Dulin, 2002) Presently the countries of Thailand, Australia, and the United States are participating in the "CTL ACTD. PACOM's staunch advocacy role for potential coalition partners as a regional CINC is critical to the success of CTL ACTD. By developing a mechanism that enables potential but less sophisticated partners to participate in coalition operations, PACOM enables formerly disenfranchised countries to effectively lend support. Essentially, PACOM's example constitutes my recommendation to alleviate the command and control friction point by exploiting lessons learned from the CTL ACTD and by further expanding the CINCs' roles as advocates for potential coalition partners in their regions." (Dulin, 2002) Recommendations stated by Dulin include the following three recommendations which are focused on elimination of the three major points of friction identified by Dulin as the following: (1) lack of an advocate to push coalition interoperability; (2) Lack of a uniform exportable set of command and control procedures; and (3) Lack of a mechanism for allocation of burden-sharing liabilities for funding.
These three all are stated by Dulin (2002) to revolves around two primary and central themes of: (1) increasing the involvement of the regional CINCs; and (2) obtaining additional funding and burden-sharing. Finally, Dulin (2002) ultimately recommends enhancement of both time and money in terms of the commitments made toward building of coalitions.
III. MODERNIZATION, INTEGRATION and STANDARDIZATION
Of primary importance, regarding coalition forces information systems and technology standardization and integration is the modernization of intelligence processes, security, information operations and assurance… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Combat Supply Support Communications and Information Systems" Assignment:
3000 word defence essay on, Explore Combat Supply Support communications and information systems requirements for future logisticians. Include the limitations imposed on sustaining a mobile formation and dependency of the logistical operations on that system.
I was thinking along the lines of the Colalition partnership between US and Australia.
Format. The ref provides a good example of how to construct your essay and how to format it. It is strongly recommended that the diagram ADFP 102 in annex B to Chap 8 be used as a guide on how to link your discussion and analysis sections to your aim and to your conclusion.
6. Essay title. The essay title is NOT the question restated. The essay title should reflect what the essay is about (ie: its central theme).
7. Essay aim. The essay MUST have an aim. The aim should achieve one task, not multiple tasks. The task verb needs to be carefully selected in order to best reflect what your essay will address. Common task verbs appropriate for a 3000 word essay are:
a. An***** *****“ Show the essence of something by breaking it down into its component parts and examining each in detail. To do this task verb justice, the central theme of the essay should be relatively narrow.
b. Discuss *****“ Investigate or examine by argument, sift and debate, giving reasons for and against.
c. Examine *****“ Present in depth and investigate the implications.
d. Illustrate *****“ Explain and make clear by use of concrete examples, or by the use of a figure or diagram.
e. Outline *****“ Give the main features or general principles of a subject, omitting minor details, emphasising structure and relationship.
f. Review *****“ Make a survey of, examining the subject critically.
8. Scope. The scope of the essay is designed to guide the reader on the direction that the essay will take. It is here that the essay question should be scoped to reflect what will be addressed. An example essay question could be *****Will HNA be good for logistics*****. This question can be scoped to numerous degrees. An example *****scoped down***** aim could be *****The aim of this essay is to discuss whether the introduction of the Abrams main battle tank will be detrimental to the provision of CSS in relation to the current 1 CSSB authorised establishment*****. The scope of this essay would then specifically address what will be discussed with regard to the MBT being supported by 1 CSSB based on the current 1 CSSB ORBAT.
9. Analysis. It is expected that there will be a high degree of analysis in the LOAC essays. Factual data is a sound building block for an essay and this needs to be
supported by effective and logical analysis that leads to appropriate conclusions and deductions. This should allow you to reach a position with regard to your aim.
10. Evidence. Any analysis conducted is expected to be preceded by substantiated facts. This usually requires initial research to be conducted with appropriate referencing to prove any statements made. Unsubstantiated assertions are not proven facts and in some cases can be construed as plagiarism if work is not appropriately referenced. For a 3000 word essay, between 15-30 reference notes (footnote or endnote) would be appropriate from between 5-15 different references. An authoritative reference is one that is published and has a high degree of credibility. Essay authors shouldn*****t reference themselves or their own experiences but may use interviews with subject matter experts.
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How to Reference "Combat Supply Support Communications and Information Systems" Term Paper in a Bibliography
“Combat Supply Support Communications and Information Systems.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2008, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/combat-supply-support-communications/1795287. Accessed 1 Jul 2024.
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