Term Paper on "Classical Causes of Criminal Behavior Man Pleads"
Term Paper 4 pages (1461 words) Sources: 1+
[EXCERPT] . . . .
Classical Causes of Criminal BehaviorMan Pleads Guilty
Classical Causes
Vital Components
Foundation and Focus
Causes Contributing to Frank's Crimes?
CLASSICAL CAUSES OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR
Man Pleads Guilty
No crime can ever be defended on rational grounds." (Livius, 1996)
Man pleads guilty in identity theft case," (Hall, 2006) the headline in the North County Times 2004 archived account reads. Brian Joseph Frank, 30, reportedly pleaded guilty to identity theft, along with 19 other felonies. Frank who utilized several victims' identities, along with a false name, made more than $25,000 in fraudulent purchases. If he had been convicted of all 20 counts, Frank could have been sentenced to nine years in prison. Instead, he agreed to a two-year prison sentence. (Ibid) The underlying causes for Frank's identity theft crimes were not disclosed in the newspaper account. No rational reasons were given for his criminal spree. During the course of the trial, the prosecutor noted identity theft to be a major.".. economic disruption to the victim because of the time it takes to repair all the damage done." (Ibid) Components regarding Frank's economic profile, on the other hand, may or may not have been considered as contributing factors to the major disruption his crimes netted him, or to the rational or irrational "grounds" that could be purported to cause his crimes.
Whether on not Frank used a computer during the course of his crime spree was not disclosed in the newspaper's account, however, it is likely
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Classical Causes
The Classical Theory, one of the major theoretical perspectives of crime causation, will not fully explain Frank's criminal behavior. This theory may, however, shed a bit of light on the underlying factors contributing to his dark deeds. "Cesare Beccaria - 'the Rousseau of the Italians' (Beirne, 1993:14) - is generally seen, at least symbolically, as the founder of this movement." (Carrabine, Iganski, Lee, Plummer & South, 2004, p. 32-33) Beccaria, a humanist born in Milan, Italy in 1738, feverishly worked for the eradication of injustice and illogicality of the judicial system prior to and continuing into his day. Beccaria drew many of his concepts from Social Contract Theory. Ideas regarding the nature of punishment were central to his theory. "Punishments could deter only if they were 'proportional' to the crime," he contended. Carrabine, Iganski, Lee, Plummer & South, 2004, p. 32-33) Beccaria's writings also purport: 1. The punishment needs to reflect the intensity of harm the crime inflicted. 2. For members of society to correlate the crime/punishment, the kind of punishment mirrors the crime (prompt; public). (Ibid, 33)
Other Classical Theory ideas may be gleaned from Jeremy Bentham's work (1748-1832).
Bentham, a practical English philosopher, who along with creating a prison design with visibility and inspection factors, also worked for penal reform and argued that.".. punishments should be calculated to inflict pain in direct proportion to the damage done to the public interest." (Bozovic, 1995). (Carrabine, Iganski, Lee, Plummer & South, 2004, p. 34)
Vital Components
The following table comparing classical and positivist Schools of thought illustrates vital components in the classical theory, presented in "Beccaria's Dei delitti e delle pene (An Essay on Crimes and Punishments)," (Ibid, 33) which he began writing in July 1764, a classic on early modern penology.
Comparison of Classical and Positivist Schools (Copied)
ISSUE
CLASSICAL SCHOOL
POSITIVE SCHOOL
Roots
Enlightenment
Modern science
Focus
Criminal administration
Criminal person
Approach
Philosophical - social contract theory, utilitarianism
Scientific, positivism
Laws
Measurements
View of human nature
Free will
Hedonism
Morally responsible for own
Behaviour (sic)
Determined by biological, psychological, and social environment
Moral responsibility obscured
View of justice system
Social contract; exists to protect society; due process and concern with civil rights; restrictions on system
Definite sentence
Scientific treatment system to cure pathologies and rehabilitate offenders; no concern with civil rights
Indefinite sentence
Form of law
Statutory law; exact specification of illegal acts and sanctions
Social law; illegal acts de ned by analogy; scientific experts determine social harm and proper form of treatment
Purpose of sentencing
Punishment for deterrence; sentences are determinate (fixed length)
Treatment and reform; sentences are indeterminate (variable length until cured)
Criminological experts
Philosophers; social reformers
Scientists; treatment experts (Carrabine, Iganski, Lee,… READ MORE
Quoted Instructions for "Classical Causes of Criminal Behavior Man Pleads" Assignment:
For this project, find an article in any national or local newspaper that describes any type of crime, e.g., narcotic sales, white-collar crime (fraud, insider trading), or cyber-crime (identity theft, network intrusion), and explain the underlying reasons for that crime by considering any of the theories of crime causation.
Write a 4-5 page paper addressing the following:
Describe the crime reported in the article.
Choose a theory from within one of the major theoretical perspectives (classical--i.e., free will--social organization, social process, or trait), which explains the criminal behavior.
Identifying and defining the theory will be the most important element of your paper. To support your conclusions, you must incorporate at least one of the theories of crime causation presented in Units 1-5. Note: This is a research paper that will demonstrate your ability to incorporate information beyond the scope of the course textbook. Consequently, you should read articles from trusted sources such as the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS); to name only a few.
Paper Format
This project requires one topic paper at least four full pages in length, not including the Title Page, double-spaced at a font size no greater than 12, preferably Times New Roman. Papers must contain the title, your name, the course title and number, and the date, placed in the center of a title page. Example:
Theoretical Explanations of Bank Robbery
John Doe
Introduction to Criminal Justice CJ246-11
December 07, 2004
How to Reference "Classical Causes of Criminal Behavior Man Pleads" Term Paper in a Bibliography
“Classical Causes of Criminal Behavior Man Pleads.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2006, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/classical-causes-criminal-behavior/9692. Accessed 6 Jul 2024.
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