Term Paper on "Attitude and Stress"

Term Paper 4 pages (1455 words) Sources: 1+

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Attitude & Stress

The job I will discuss in this paper is that of travel agent. The tourist domain has known a marked development lately. Travel agents are key employees in the tourist domain. Travel agents are assigned a great variety of work activities such as: they deal directly with the public, observe, receive, and obtain information from all relevant sources, use computer systems to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information; they also function as sales agents, influencing others and convincing them to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions. They communicate with persons outside the organization and with those inside the organization - supervisors, peers, or subordinates and establish and maintain all kinds of interpersonal relationships. They are also involved in the organizing, planning, and prioritizing work activities and also in documenting/recording information (entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form) as well in the updating and using relevant knowledge. (job description taken from (www.online.onetcenter.org) The job of travel agent is very important, because their activity is vital to the tourist business. They are the key actors: they have a great planning and organizing role as employees and also, are the interface with the exterior - they are the communication channel that links the organization to the outside world and similar business. Therefore, high levels of job satisfaction and commitment are essential to their stability on the job and decreases turnover.

The employee is a person that is immersed in a specific organizational environment. In the course of work activity they inevitably interact. Their interaction produces certain effects - qualitative (attitudes, beliefs, organizational culture, job satisfaction, commitment or work performance and so on) or quantitative (work productivity, remuneration etc.)- on both parts. Job satisfaction, for instance, is a very comprehensive concept that reflects an attitude of liking or disliking toward persons, objects, events, and activities in their environment. A certain person can think certain things about other persons/objects in the organizational system (the cognitive component of attitude), can have certain feelings towards them (the affective component) and behave in certain ways as a result of his/hers inferences (the behavior component). Positive attitudes towards the organization and one's work are job satisfaction and job commitment. Job satisfaction has been defined as a positive emotional state resulting from an appraisal (cognitive and affective) of one's job or job experiences. Managers and HR consultants have always tried to measure and increase the job satisfaction of employees. However, the most widely used instrument for measuring job satisfaction is Job Descriptive Index (measures the satisfaction with pay, promotion, supervisor, co-workers, the work itself). It has been found that the most reliable element that ensures the job satisfaction is the work itself. For example, for the job of travel agent job satisfaction can be maintained at high levels by reinforcing core job dimensions: the variety of skills and tasks implied in the work activities, the autonomy and feedback related to job performance. I have already showed how important such a job is and what variety of skills it implies: planning, organizing, communication, active learning and service orientation, social perceptiveness, active learning. The tasks should be rotated among employees so that they get to use their skills and involve in different sort of activities. Moreover, they should be allowed a certain degree of autonomy on their jobs, for example they should be allowed to decide over certain issues in certain situations. Agent travels should also be given feedback on their performance - in situations of achieving special results or very good problem solving. The maintaining of good communication flow between employees and with the higher hierarchical levels represents a factor of achieving job satisfaction of employees. Employees should be taught the meaningfulness of their work and responsibility for work in order to achieve job satisfaction. A good knowledge of job responsibilities, the degree of autonomy, the variety of skills required in the work process and the feedback fr activity are the steps that lead towards job satisfaction. And the job of travel agent makes possible such an approach as it offers the opportunities to experience interesting and dynamic activities. The shared values between an employee also are an important factor in job satisfaction. Nevertheless, it is more related to organizational commitment, defined as the degree to which an employee identifies with… READ MORE

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