Term Paper on "Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology"

Term Paper 4 pages (1265 words) Sources: 1+

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Ancient Art

Flora: Goddess, Mother, and Whore

Within the confines of the Telfair Museum of Art there is a plaster cast of an ancient Roman statue of the goddess Flora. The original version of the statue stands in the Vatican and dates back to the year 14 C.E. The statue is of a heavy-limbed middle-aged woman, with her hair carefully arranged like a Roman matron. Her hair is bound, rather than loose flowing, like a married rather than a young and virginal woman. The medium size of the statue is neither intimidating in its stature nor precious in its scale. It is evidently large enough to be effective for public display, but not so small as to resemble the small, private scale deity sculptures designed perhaps for the context of Roman home worship.

Flora wears a transparent-like garment that emphasizes and conceals the nudity of her figure in its artful drapes and beckons the gazer in a friendly and alluring way. Her palm turned open, as if making an offering. She wears a garland of flowers in her hair, as is typical of all statues of the goddess Flora ("Flora," Roman Religion and Mythology: Lexicon, 1999) She strikes the viewer as both sensual, yet also motherly, traditional and womanly. She is nude and provocative in the way she extends her grasping hand to the gazer, but not intimidating in her beauty.

This statue of Flora embodies Roman contradictory attitudes towards female fertility and sexuality -- on one hand, sexuality was desirable for familial propagation, but on the other hand female liberality in the sexual sphere was something Roman society wished to contain -- it wished women to be both sexual and fertile, yet new and
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fresh as the spring and virginal was well. The physical openness and apparent sexual accessibility in the statue's physical configuration combined with its girlish flowers may reflects the fact that Flora was the goddess of flowers, fertility, and the new spring, and also the goddess of prostitutes.

According to the Roman Lexicon, Flora was the goddess that made the foliage bloom and "later she became protector of the spring and everything that blooms, including flowers." ("Flora," Roman Religion and Mythology: Lexicon, 1999) Originally, she and another female deity, known as Pomona, shared dual springtime functions -- Flora was of the flowers, Pomona was the goddess of fruit that could be picked from trees. Pomona "kept a garden from which she excluded would-be suitors. The Etruscan god Vertumnus (perhaps "Changer" or "Turner") turned himself into an old woman who advised Pomona to marry Vertumnus. When he resumed his usual form as a young male god, she accepted him." ("Flora and Pomona," Ancient Roman Mythology, 2004)

But gradually, Flora became the better known and more celebrated of the two, paired deities, and subsumed some of Pomona's traditional 'fruit-oriented' celebratory, functions. Interestingly enough, Flora also had an attached myth that had a theme of female fertility being an enclosed garden that must be impinged upon for fruition and fertility to occur. It is said that Zephyrus, the West Wind gave Flora a garden filled with flowers and tended by the Seasons and Graces. (("Flora and Pomona," Ancient Roman Mythology, 2004)

Flora, like most Roman deities, has a counterpart Greek mythology, namely that of the Greek Chloris. But Chloris was mainly known as the relatively minor wife of the West Wind Zephyr (the more important of the pair). Flora became much more important than the West Wind in Rome and was not Zephyr's wife but his consort. (Ancient Roman Mythology, 2004)

The statue may have been constructed for Flora's "own festival, the Floralia, which was overseen by a special priest, the Flamen Floralis." ("Flora," Roman Religion and Mythology: Lexicon, 1999) Why a priest but not a priestess for this female goddess,… READ MORE

Quoted Instructions for "Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology" Assignment:

I am attaching the worksheet that was given to us for the following assignment, with the guidelines etc. I can not locate an actual copy of the roman statue that i have been assigned... although I do have plenty of decriptive notes from my own observations (in person). I have found a very similar copy on the internet that would work just as well for the description of the statue. I can send the link or picture whenever. The original roman statue of Flora is located at the Vadican Museum in Rome. That might help?

I was aiming towards an interpretation based on religious or cultural beliefs or beliefs by and about women in roman society.. which ever interpretation is the easiest to work with will be totally fine. I need at least 4 citations or quotes too. Any term that might not be too common should be defined. As long as it presents a persuasive, interpretative argument! ****If you can not veiw this entire outline/guide worksheet.. i can always send it as an attachment via email.

***MUSEUM PAPER ASSIGNMENT

Critical Thinking and Reading

Research

Assignment:

1. Visit the Telfair Museum of Art located at 121 Barnard St. Admission is FREE on Sundays only and $2.00 with your SCAD ID Card all other times. Visit www.telfair.org for more information about the museum. The Telfair has a limited number of sculptures from ancient Rome as well as some plaster casts of ancient Greek statuary.

d) Plaster cast of an ancient Roman statue of Flora, original dated to the year 14 CE located in the lower gallery

• Collect complete information on artist, name of the piece, date, size, materials used.

• Examine the work of art carefully, taking notes at the museum. Consider the impact of scale, the use of color and texture, the degree to which the work of art is illusionistic or abstract; the effect of light on the work; the mood suggested; the art historical style, etc.

• If you have been to another museum recently or plan to visit one this quarter, you may select a work of art that fits into this course (Ancient – Medieval), but you must get the instructor’s permission first.

3. Write a paper of approximately 900-1,100 words that consists of the following two components. Your paper should include:

A. A Descriptive Analysis

There is no research required for this part of the paper. Use the information that you collected at the museum, and write a clear and well-organized description. Use paragraphs to organize your observations. Based on your description, an artist not knowing the work of art should be able to recreate it.

For guidance on how to organize your description and how to write about scale, color, materials, texture, etc., refer to

Sylvan Barnet, A Short Guide to Writing About Art, 7th or 8th Edition

B. A Thoughtful and Persuasive Interpretation

As has been emphasized in this course, art can be interpreted in different ways and from different points of view. In class, for example, we have explored art as:

· An expression of religious beliefs

· An expression of political beliefs

· An expression of a cultural values

· An expression of beliefs by and about women in society

· An expression of beliefs about wealth

· An expression of belief in the authority

· A protest and challenge to authority

Using ONE of these interpretive models, explain how your chosen work of art might be interpreted.

Present the facts that are related to your argument. For example, if you choose to argue that a work of art represents a symbol of wealth, then you need to collect information on how expensive it was, who owned it, where is was located, etc. In other words, how do you know that the work represents wealth? If you choose to argue that a work of art was meant as a social criticism of wealth, then you need to collect similar, factual information. What’s the evidence that the artwork offers a critique of wealth? Then analyze the facts to draw your own conclusions. You must be able to explain why your opinion should be taken seriously.

C. Citations and Bibliography

You may put forth any ideas that you have — but you must support your interpretation. Therefore, you will need to do some research. You can use your textbook as a source of basic factual information. Do not list your textbook as a bibliographic source in your citations or in the bibliography at the end of your paper. It is assumed you have read the textbook as a basis for your knowledge on the art of a given period. However, you will need to do some additional research to support your interpretation, and you must cite your sources. I expect to see a minimum of 3 scholarly references, at least one of which must be a written work.

Be careful when using the Internet – limit yourself to using websites that are published by museums or universities. All online references that are offered through the SCAD library – i.e. Grove’s Dictionary of Arts or articles retrieved through EBSCO host are fine. If you need help with finding references, please ask one of the reference librarians.

Any idea that is not your own should be noted as such in the body of your paper. You may use parenthetical notations, which will include the author and the page. If you use that method, you will then list complete information in your bibliography or works cited list. You may also use the format below to cite your researched ideas. You will also include these sources in your bibliography at the back of the paper. I will repeat something. Your textbook (Gardner’s Art Through the Ages) is not to be used as a source for footnotes, citations or bibliography.

The Standard format for citing articles:

Name of author, “Name of Article,” Name of Journal (in italics) volume number (date in parentheses): pages.

The standard format for citing books:

Name of author, Name of Book (Place of publication: year), pages.

For the Internet:

Name of author, “Name of Article,” Name of Journal, Institution. Date web site was accessed. http://www.siteyouvisited.com

Please note the indentation.

D. Guidelines

The paper must be typed in 12-point font and double-spaced. PLEASE run your spell-checking programs. Keep in mind that many terms used in this class may not be in your computer’s spelling dictionary. When in doubt, look them up. If you feel uncertain about your writing ability, please contact the Writing Center. They will provide assistance with your projects.

Some common grammatical errors are sentence fragments and run-on sentences. A rule of thumb is that one sentence should express one idea. Also, you should avoid writing your paper in the 2nd person (you). Three specific writing problems I have encountered consistently in the past are 1) the difference between its and it’s. “It’s” means It is and “its” implies possession. Please do not confuse the two. 2) “This” or “That” should never be the subject of a sentence. Your reader needs to know this what?

3) Avoid using there is and there are. Active voice is preferred.

E. You must complete a self-assessment form and include it with your paper. Papers will not be graded if there is no self-assessment form.

4. Papers must be postmarked or dropped off by Thursday, February 24, 2005. Late papers will be accepted, but they will lose one-half letter grade per day that they are late.



Grading Standards

A. For a paper which stands out because the ***** has thought through what he or she wants to say with intelligence and some degree of originality. It develops a point logically and in clear, well-constructed paragraphs, which follow one another with an ease of transition. Its generalizations are supported by effective use of specific details and examples. It is characterized by an apt and incisive use of words. It is almost entirely free of mechanical and grammatical errors.

B. For a paper that develops an interesting point with good organization and expression. It has most of the virtues of an A theme but is marked more by competence than by originality.

C. For a paper with a central idea, though its development tends to be vague and generalized. The C theme is often not seriously marred by errors in expression ?? in fact, it may be quite correctly expressed but trite. It may, on the other hand, be organized and fairly interesting but clumsily expressed.

D. For a paper with a flimsy thesis and poor organization. Its paragraphs may be sketchy parts of a list or else be long and inchoate. It will most likely have some serious errors in expression.

F. For a paper with no discernable thesis. It is garbled in thought and expression. It makes several serious errors in grammar, punctuation and spelling. Sometimes an F theme is extremely deficient in only one respect ?? it is unusually trite, for example, or weak in grammar or in diction or in substance. A theme may also receive an F if it fails to follow the assignment or if any portion of the paper is plagiarized.

Self-Assessment

Name:

Assess the quality of your work by circling the appropriate number of points in the column labeled “Self” for each of the criteria listed below. If you have any comments about your paper or wish to ask us a question about it, use the “Student Comments” section. You must attach this form to your paper.

Criteria Student Instructor

Title is creative, indicating subject and position. ___ of 5 ___ of 5

Introduction identifies the selected work of art and presents a thesis that is thoughtful, focused, argumentative, and directly engages the chosen topic. ___ of 10 ___ of 10

Student analyzes the work of art in a clear and organized fashion, using different paragraphs to address different formal properties. This part of the paper must include a discussion of line, color, form, shape, mass, etc. ___ of 20 ___ of 20

Student presents a persuasive, interpretative argument. ___ of 20 ___ of 20

Student demonstrates research skills using both up to date Internet and scholarly print sources, including books and scholarly, professional, peer-reviewed journal articles. Minimum of 3 scholarly references. ___ of 10 ___ of 10

Student uses complete documentation format for references. ___ of 10 ___ of 10

Paper exhibits originality, depth, creativity, visual appeal (analytical charts, paintings, photos, etc.) and intellectual neatness as described in the Grading Standards of the Language and Literature Dept. below. ___ of 25 ___ of 25

Total: ___ of 100 ___ of 100

How to Reference "Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology" Term Paper in a Bibliography

Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2005, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/ancient-art-flora-goddess-mother/2063598. Accessed 5 Oct 2024.

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[1] ”Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology”, A1-TermPaper.com, 2005. [Online]. Available: https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/ancient-art-flora-goddess-mother/2063598. [Accessed: 5-Oct-2024].
1. Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology [Internet]. A1-TermPaper.com. 2005 [cited 5 October 2024]. Available from: https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/ancient-art-flora-goddess-mother/2063598
1. Roman Sculpture of Flora Goddess of Spring and Flowers Roman Mythology. A1-TermPaper.com. https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/ancient-art-flora-goddess-mother/2063598. Published 2005. Accessed October 5, 2024.

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