Essay on "Case That Needs to Apply GAAP"

Essay 3 pages (1057 words) Sources: 3

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Accounting/Finance

Repo 105 and Lehman Brothers

Banks utilize the repo market all the time in their daily business. It is essentially a manner in which they borrow capital from large businesses that have spare money they can lend. In order to make the loan more secure for the big business, the bank sells them something like a bond. Under this method, if the bank goes under prior to repaying the loan, the large business can sell the asset and recoup its money. Included in this kind of arrangement, the bank concurs to purchase back the asset at the end of the agreement, less a little amount that the business gets to retain as interest. Repo is short for repurchase. The arrangements are short tenure and the bank frequently purchases back the bond just a few days subsequent to selling it (Goldstein, 2011).

Everyone realizes that the bank isn't actually selling the asset to the big business, it's actually borrowing capital. So in regards to accounting rules, the capital a bank utilizes in repo arrangements remain on the bank's balance sheet. But when Lehman Brothers desired to make it look like it wasn't borrowing so much capital, the company utilized a unique method to circumvent this regulation. It did repo deals where it took somewhat less money than the asset was valued at. For instance: if Lehman possessed a bond that was valued at one hundred and five, it would sell it on the repo market for one hundred dollars. The 105 in Repo 105 refers to the detail that the capital had a value at least one hundred and five percent of what Lehman was getting for them (Goldstein, 2011).

This gap permitted the business to verify the operation as
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if it had been a real sale of the bond; in spite of the reality that, under the accord, the business would repurchase the bond just a week after it had sold it. Lehman would take the cash it got from selling the bond and pay off some of its liabilities. Then, following that it had put out its quarterly statement, the business would borrow more cash to buy back the asset. Lehman went large on this system. "In the second quarter of 2008 it utilized Repo 105 to move $50 billion off of its balance sheet. Lehman did not reveal its utilization of Repo 105 to the Government, to the rating agencies, to its stakeholders, or to its own board" (Goldstein, 2011). One senior representative inside the company cautioned that the use of Repo 105 would present great danger to the company if the public ever found out (Goldstein, 2011).

Lehman used these off-balance sheet strategies in order to briefly remove securities accounts from its balance sheet, typically for a timeframe of 7 to 10 days, and to make a significantly deceptive depiction of the firm's monetary circumstances. These Repo 105 transactions were almost the same as normal buy back and resale dealings that Lehman along with other banks utilized to get short tenure economics, with a vital dissimilarity - Lehman accounted for Repo 105 dealings as sales instead of financing dealings based upon the overcollateralization or… READ MORE

Quoted Instructions for "Case That Needs to Apply GAAP" Assignment:

A report issued on March 11, 2010 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York detailed how Lehman Brothers, would sell its assets shortly before the end of a period and then buy them back shortly thereafter. These transactions were known as a *****Repo 105***** within Lehman. Discuss in no more than three pages (double spaced) what a Repo 105 transaction is, how it may have masked the financial position of Lehman, and what applicable Generally Accepted Accounting Principle(s) govern these transactions. Your paper should include a statement as to how you would have treated these transactions. Cite at least two sources to support your arguments. Your fourth page should include a list of works cited.

Formatting

Header: For every page

Format for *****Right Justify*****

Type your Last Name in all caps with a space between each letter

Insert a hyphen (*****-*****) with a space on either side of the hyphen

Using the Header and Footer tool bar, click on *****Insert Page Number*****

Page 1 Only: This header is in the *****body***** of the first page only!

Format for Right Justify

Type your First and Last Name

Type the Course Name and Campus (TUCC or Ambler)

Type the Assignment Name and/or #

Type the date the paper is due

Double space

Type the name of the paper centered in 14 point bold font

Body: Format font to *****Times New Roman 12*****

1***** left and right margins

1***** top and bottom margins

Collated: Papers should be stapled in the upper left corner

The Superior Paper (A/A-) will have:

Thesis: Easily identifiable, plausible, novel, sophisticated, insightful, crystal clear. Connects well with paper title.

Structure: Evident, understandable, appropriate for thesis. Excellent transitions from point to point. Paragraphs support solid topic sentences.

Use of evidence: Primary source information used to buttress every point with at least one example. Examples support mini-thesis and fit within paragraph. Excellent integration of quoted material into sentences. Demonstrates an in depth understanding of the ideas in the assigned reading and critically evaluates/responds to those ideas in an analytical, persuasive manner.

Analysis: Author clearly relates evidence to *****"mini-thesis*****" (topic sentence); analysis is fresh and exciting, posing new ways to think of the material. Work displays critical thinking and avoids simplistic description or summary of information.

Logic and argumentation: All ideas in the paper flow logically; the argument is identifiable, reasonable, and sound. Creates appropriate college level, academic tone.

Conclusion: The conclusion will draw together the initial position statement made at the opening of the paper and the points presented in the body of the paper.

Mechanics: Sentence structure, grammar, and diction are excellent; correct use of punctuation and citation style; minimal to no spelling errors; absolutely no run-on sentences or comma splices. Conforms in every way to format requirements.

Papers will be graded in accordance with the matrix attached to the syllabus.

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Case That Needs to Apply GAAP.” A1-TermPaper.com, 2011, https://www.a1-termpaper.com/topics/essay/accounting-finance-repo-105-lehman/877. Accessed 5 Oct 2024.

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